老人与海起因英文

like most great stories, it can be read on more than one level of meaning. On one it is an exciting but tragic adventure story. Sustained by the pride of his calling, the only pride he has left, a broken old fisherman ventures far out into the Gulf Stream and there hooks the biggest marlin ever seen in those waters. Then, alone and exhausted by his struggle to harpoon the giant fish, he is forced into a losing battle with marauding sharks; they leave him nothing but the skeleton of his catch. On another level the book is a fable of the unconquerable spirit of man, a creature capable of snatching spiritual victory from circumstances of disaster and material defeat. On still another it is a parable of religious significance, its theme supported by the writer's unobtrusive handling of Christian symbols and metaphors. Like Coleridge's Ancient Mariner, Hemingway's Cuban fisherman is a character allowing the imagination of his creator to operate simultaneously in two different worlds of meaning and value, the one real and dramatic, the other moral and devotionally symbolic.

《老人与海》虽然故事简短却寓意深刻，写的是老渔夫圣地亚哥在连续八十四天没捕到鱼的情况下，终于在第85天的时候发现了一条重量超过1500磅的大麻哈鱼，并开始了长达3天3夜的搏斗，大鱼才终于筋疲力尽浮上水面，被他杀死。在归程中一再遭到鲨鱼的袭击，最后回港时只剩鱼头鱼尾和一条脊骨。 这是一部寓意深远的古典悲剧式的小说，也一部英雄主义的交响曲。 海明威说：“我试图描写一个真正的老人，一个真正的孩子，真正的大海，一条真正的鱼和许多真正的鲨鱼。然而，如果我能写得足够逼真的话，他们也能代表许多其他的事物。”故事描写的老人圣地亚哥是个倒霉的人，84天没捕到鱼，而别的渔夫都把他看做失败者。但这似乎预示着一场战斗的开始，果然，就在第85天，他真的发现了一条1500磅大马哈鱼，明知对方力量比他强，还是决心战斗到底。他对大鱼说：“我跟你奉陪到底！”，最后终获胜利。在老人辛辛苦苦抓到了鱼之后，考验却并没有结束。鱼因为又大又长，他只好将鱼绑在船的一边。回航时，大鱼的血腥味引来了鲨鱼一次又一次的袭击。于是，他用尽一切个人手段来反击。鱼叉被鲨鱼带走了，他把小刀绑在桨上乱扎。刀子折断了，他用短棍。短棍也丢了，他外用舵把来打。尽管结果鱼肉都被咬去了，但什么也无法摧残他的意志。上天似乎会怜惜过这样一位伟大的老人，他将厄运一次又一次降在老人身上，最终他的顽强意志却并没能得到好的结果，回港时只剩下鱼头鱼尾和一条脊骨。 为什么海明威不让老人最后获得胜利呢？这样不是更加能体现英雄的伟大、吗？老人的故事不仅象征着人与自然的关系，而且象征着整个人类坚不可摧的精神。在现实中，他虽然失败了，但在精神上，他却是胜利者，他那顽强搏击的精神，展示了人的高贵和尊严。遍顾所有的人生，谁没有经历过失败呢？哪怕再成功的人。失败的原因可以不尽相同，但无论如何失败总是一个让你难以承受的打击。再出海，你就会有胜利的希望。我想，这种险恶的人生环境和这种坚韧的人生态度，正是这部作品越来越吸引人的原因。 人生本来就是一种无止境的追求，故事中老人曾说：“不过人不是为失败而生的，一个人可以被毁灭，但不可以被打败。”这句话让我想起贝多芬的《命运交响曲》，贝多芬曾经说过：“我可以被摧毁，但我不能征服。”他们说明了英雄的含义，生命的意义。而文中的这句话也点明了文章的思想：人要勇敢地面对失败。从这个方面看，这本书不是寓言，也不是童话，而是一部现实主义的作品。胜利在这部小说里已经不重要，重要的是一个人的生命价值，老人敢于挑战极限，一次又一次地超越，不得不让我们敬佩，他所带给人类的是一种自信，一种强大的精神力量。 《老人与海》给予我很多人生启示。什么是失败，失败就是要跌倒了重新鼓起勇气爬起来，再一次跌倒再一次爬起，永远不要失去了对生活的希望，不要失去了自己人生的梦想。什么是英雄，英雄就是敢于面对挫折，挑战挫折，战胜自己，战胜挫折的人，他们有勇气完成自己也许失败了很多次的梦想，这才算得上是英雄。很喜欢海明威的《老人与海》，也了解到海明威的生平也有诸多坎坷，经历了战争，经历了疾病和精神的折磨，其实他一次又一次地勇敢过了，可惜最后，他还是选择了以自杀来结束了自己的生命，也许他有自己的理由，但是他却违背了《老人与海》中对失败和英雄的阐述，这是一个遗憾。 失败并不可怕。可怕的是自己对失败屈服，一旦屈服，那么所有梦想都不会实现，这在现实生活中有着很重要的意义，我觉得人生就像老人出海捕鱼一样，会出现那样勇敢地去面对，即使没有成功，也不会因为没有努力而给人生留下遗憾，我们也会是生活的强者，我们的生命也会因为我们付出了努力而精彩。 读《老人与海》这本书，我感到我浑身增添了战胜困难的勇气和力量。无论是今后的教育道路有多少荆棘，多少挫折，我相信只有有老人那般不服输的品质，我一定会是生活的强者。 《老人与海》是一本值得去仔细品味的一本书，就象高尔基的《海燕》，能让我们在暴风雨来临前获得勇气，获取力量。能让我们不管遇到什么困难都信心十足地去面对，坚持到底，决不退缩，向全世界大喊“我就是英雄！”

The protagonist is an old fisherman named Santiago, and the supporting role is a child named Manolin.

译文：主角是一位名叫圣地亚哥的老渔夫，配角是一个名叫马诺林的孩子。

Feng Cang's disabled old fisherman has not caught fish for 84 days, but he still refuses to give up.

译文：风烛残年的老渔夫已经八十四天没钓到鱼了，但老渔夫仍然不肯放弃。

On the contrary, he is full of the spirit of struggle.

译文：相反，老渔夫充满了奋斗的精神。

On the eighty-fifth day, he finally caught an eighteen-foot-long, 1,500-pound marlin.

译文：第八十五天，老渔夫终于钓到一条长十八英尺、重一千五百磅的大马林鱼。

The big fish towed the boat into the sea, and the old man persisted.

译文：那条大鱼把船拖到海里，老人仍坚持着。

Although his left hand had no water, no food, no weapons, no assistants and cramps, he was not discouraged at all.

译文：即使没有水，没有食物，没有武器，没有助手，左手抽筋，老渔夫一点也不气馁。

After two days and nights, he finally killed the big fish and tied it to the side of the boat.

译文：过了两天两夜，老渔夫终于把那条大鱼杀了，绑在船边。

But a lot of sharks came immediately to catch his spoils.

译文：但许多鲨鱼立刻前来抢夺战利品。

He killed them one by one, leaving only a bad rudder as a weapon.

译文：老渔夫一一地杀死它们，最后只剩下一个坏舵作为武器。

As a result, the big fish could not escape the fate of being eaten.

译文：结果，大鱼逃不过被吃掉的命运。

Finally, the old man came back with a pair of exhausted fish bones.

译文：最终，老人筋疲力尽地拖回一副鱼骨头。

When he returned home and lay in bed, he had to retrieve the good old days from his dreams in order to forget the cruel reality.

译文：当老渔夫回到家躺在床上时，为了忘记残酷的现实，老渔夫不得不从梦中找回过去的美好时光。

扩展资料：

《老人与海》创作背景和寓意：

小说《老人与海》是根据真实的人和事实写成的。第一次世界大战后，海明威移民到古巴去见老渔夫格雷戈里奥·富恩特斯。1930年，海明威的船在风暴中沉没，富恩特斯搭救了海明威。从那以后，海明威和富恩特斯结下了深厚的友谊，经常一起去钓鱼。

虽然海明威作品中的老人是悲剧人物，但海明威具有尼采的超人性格。海明威坦然接受失败，勇敢面对死亡。这些“硬汉”体现了海明威的人生哲学和道德理想，即人不向命运低头，永不屈服于失败和乐观向上的生活态度。

参考资料来源：百度百科-老人与海 （海明威创作中篇小说）

参考资料来源：百度百科-老人与海 （2016年国际文化出版公司出版图书）

老人与海英文版内容简介：

The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway's most enduring works.Told in language of great simplicity and power,it is the story of an old Cuban fisherman,down on his luck,and his supreme ordeal——a relentless,agonizing battle with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream.Here Hemingway recasts,in strikingly contemporary style,the classic thene of courage in the face of defeat,of personal triumph won from los.Written in 1952,this hugely successfully novella confirmed his power and presence in the literary world and played a huge part in his winning the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature.

中文意思：老人和海是海明威最不朽的作品之一。这是一位古巴老渔夫的故事，讲述的是一位古巴老渔夫的故事，他的运气很好，而他的最高苦难经历了一场残酷无情的战斗，与远在墨西哥湾的一个巨大的马林鱼展开了一场残酷无情的战斗。在这里，海明威以惊人的现代风格，在面对失败时的勇气，从洛斯那里赢得了个人胜利。1952年，这部非常成功的小说在文学世界中获得了巨大的成功，并在他1954年获得诺贝尔文学奖的过程中发挥了重要作用。

《老人与海》是美国作家海明威于1951年在古巴写的一篇中篇小说，于1952年出版。

该作围绕一位老年古巴渔夫，与一条巨大的马林鱼在离岸很远的湾流中搏斗而展开故事的讲述。它奠定了海明威在世界文学中的突出地位，这篇小说相继获得了1953年美国普利策奖和1954年诺贝尔文学奖。

内容简介：

《老人与海》故事的背景是在20世纪中叶的古巴。主人公是一位名叫圣地亚哥的老渔夫，配角是一个叫马诺林的小孩。风烛残年的老渔夫一连八十四天都没有钓到一条鱼，但他仍不肯认输，而是充满着奋斗的精神，终于在第八十五天钓到一条身长十八尺，体重一千五百磅的大马林鱼。

大鱼拖着船往海里走，老人依然死拉着不放，即使没有水，没有食物，没有武器，没有助手，左手抽筋，他也丝毫不灰心。经过两天两夜之后，他终于杀死大鱼，把它拴在船边。但许多鲨鱼立刻前来抢夺他的战利品。他一一地杀死它们，到最后只剩下一支折断的舵柄作为武器。

结果，大鱼仍难逃被吃光的命运，最终，老人筋疲力尽地拖回一副鱼骨头。他回到家躺在床上，只好从梦中去寻回那往日美好的岁月，以忘却残酷的现实。

参考资料：老人与海-百度百科

Most people maintain that the years following Hemingway's publication of For Whom the Bell Tolls in 1940 until 1952 were the bleakest in his literary career. The novel Across the River and Into the Trees (1950) was almost unanimously disparaged by critics as self-parody. Evidently his participation as an Allied correspondent in World War II did not yield fruits equivalent to those wrought of his experiences in World War I (A Farewell to Arms, 1929) or the Spanish Civil War (For Whom the Bell Tolls).Hemingway had initially planned to use Santiago's story, which became The Old Man and the Sea, as part of a random intimacy between mother and son and also the fact of relationships that cover most of the book relate to the Bible, which he referred to as "The Sea Book." (He also referred to the Bible as the "Sea of Knowledge" and other such things.) Some aspects of it did appear in the posthumously published Islands in the Stream. Positive feedback he received for On the Blue Water (Esquire, April 1936) led him to rewrite it as an independent work. The book is a novella because it has no chapters or parts and is slightly longer than a short story.The novella first appeared, in its 26,500-word entirety, as part of the September 1, 1952 edition of Life magazine. 5.3 million copies of that issue were sold within two days. The majority of concurrent criticism was positive, although some dissenting criticism has since emerged. The title was misprinted on the cover of an early edition as The Old Men and the Sea.

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella (just over 100 pages in length) by Ernest Hemingway, written in Cuba in 1951 and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction to be produced by Hemingway and published in his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it centers upon Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream.It is noteworthy in twentieth century fiction, reaffirming Hemingway's worldwide literary prominence as well as being a significant factor in his selection for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Background and publication：Most people maintain that the years following Hemingway's publication of For Whom the Bell Tolls in 1940 until 1952 were the bleakest in his literary career. The novel Across the River and Into the Trees (1950) was almost unanimously disparaged by critics as self-parody. Evidently his participation as an Allied correspondent in World War II did not yield fruits equivalent to those wrought of his experiences in World War I (A Farewell to Arms, 1929) or the Spanish Civil War (For Whom the Bell Tolls). Inspiration for character：Gregorio Fuentes is one possible model for Hemingway's eponymous "Old Man".While Hemingway was living in Cuba beginning in 1940 with his third wife Martha Gellhorn, one of his favorite pastimes was to sail and fish in his boat, named the Pilar. General biographical consensus holds that the model for Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea was, at least in part, the Cuban fisherman Gregorio Fuentes. Fuentes, also known as Goyo to his friends, was born in 1897 on Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, migrated to Cuba when he was six years old and met Hemingway there in 1928. In the 1930s, Hemingway hired him to look after his boat. During Hemingway's Cuban years a strong friendship formed between Hemingway and Fuentes. For almost thirty years, Fuentes served as the captain of the Pilar; this included time during which Hemingway did not live in Cuba. Fuentes at times would admit that the story was not exactly about him. He related that the true inspiration of the old man and the boy did exist but they never knew who they were. The story goes that in the late 1940s, upon return from an early morning fishing trip, Fuentes and Hemingway saw a small rowboat 10 miles out to sea. Hemingway asked Fuentes to approach the vessel to see if they needed help. Inside the boat was an old man and a boy. As the vessels closed in the old man began yelling at them with insults including telling them to go to hell, indicating that they had scared away the fish. According to Fuentes, he and Hemingway looked at each other in surprise. Just the same, Hemingway asked Fuentes to lower them some food and drinks while the old man and boy glared at them. Without another word exchanged, the two boats parted ways. According to Fuentes, Hemingway began immediately to write in his notebook and later asked him to find the old man. According to Fuentes, he never was able to find the fisherman that had made such an impression on Hemingway. Fuentes recounts that this was the real origin of the lore. A few years after The Old Man and the Sea was published, residents of Cojimar believed that the old fisherman that Fuentes and Hemingway ran into at sea was a humble local fisherman they called el viejo Miguel; some described his physical appearance as a wiry Spencer Tracy. Fuentes, suffering from cancer, died in 2002; he was 104 years old. Prior to his death, he donated Hemingway's Pilar to the Cuban government. Hemingway had initially planned to use Santiago's story, which became The Old Man and the Sea, as part of a random intimacy between mother and son and also the fact of relationships that cover most of the book relate to the Bible, which he referred to as "The Sea Book." (He also referred to the Bible as the "Sea of Knowledge" and other such things.) Some aspects of it did appear in the posthumously published Islands in the Stream. Positive feedback he received for On the Blue Water (Esquire, April 1936) led him to rewrite it as an independent work. The book is a novella because it has no chapters or parts and is slightly longer than a short story. The novella first appeared, in its 26,500-word entirety, as part of the September 1, 1952 edition of Life magazine. 5.3 million copies of that issue were sold within two days. The majority of concurrent criticism was positive, although some dissenting criticism has since emerged. The title was misprinted on the cover of an early edition as The Old Men and the Sea[edit] Plot summaryThe Old Man and the Sea recounts an epic battle between an old, experienced fisherman and a giant marlin said to be the largest catch of his life. It opens by explaining that the fisherman, who is named Santiago, has gone 84 days without catching any fish at all. He is apparently so unlucky that his young apprentice, Manolin, has been forbidden by his parents to sail with the old man and been ordered to fish with more successful fishermen. Still dedicated to the old man, however, the boy visits Santiago's shack each night, hauling back his fishing gear, feeding him and discussing American baseball — most notably Santiago's idol, Joe DiMaggio. Santiago tells Manolin that on the next day, he will venture far out into the Gulf to fish, confident that his unlucky streak is near its end.Thus on the eighty-fifth day, Santiago sets out alone, taking his skiff far into the Gulf. He sets his lines and, by noon of the first day, a big fish that he is sure is a marlin takes his bait. Unable to pull in the great marlin, Santiago instead finds the fish pulling his skiff. Two days and two nights pass in this manner, during which the old man bears the tension of the line with his body. Though he is wounded by the struggle and in pain, Santiago expresses a compassionate appreciation for his adversary, often referring to him as a brother. He also determines that because of the fish's great dignity, no one will be worthy of eating the marlin.On the third day of the ordeal, the fish begins to circle the skiff, indicating his tiredness to the old man. Santiago, now completely worn out and almost in delirium, uses all the strength he has left in him to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin with a harpoon, thereby ending the long battle between the old man and the tenacious fish.Santiago straps the marlin to his skiff and heads home, thinking about the high price the fish will bring him at the market and how many people he will feed.While Santiago continues his journey back to the shore, sharks are attracted to the trail of blood left by the marlin in the water. The first, a great mako shark, Santiago kills with his harpoon, losing that weapon in the process. He makes a new harpoon by strapping his knife to the end of an oar to help ward off the next line of sharks; in total, five sharks are slain and many others are driven away. But by night, the sharks have almost devoured the marlin's entire carcass, leaving a skeleton consisting mostly of its backbone, its tail and its head, the latter still bearing the giant spear. The old man castigates himself for sacrificing the marlin. Finally reaching the shore before dawn on the next day, he struggles on the way to his shack, carrying the heavy mast on his shoulder. Once home, he slumps onto his bed and enters a very deep sleep.A group of fishermen gathers the next day around the boat where the fish's skeleton is still attached. One of the fishermen measures it to be eighteen feet from nose to tail. Tourists at the nearby café mistakenly take it for a shark. Manolin, worried during the old man's endeavor, cries upon finding him safe asleep. The boy brings him newspapers and coffee. When the old man wakes, they promise to fish together once again. Upon his return to sleep, Santiago dreams of lions on the African beach.