英文中短篇小说

字数的多少，是区别长篇、中篇、短篇小说的一个因素，但不是惟一的因素。人们通常把几千字到两万字的小说称为短篇小说，三万字到十万字的小说称为中篇小说，十万字以上的称为长篇小说。这只是就字数而言的，其实，长、中、短篇小说的区别，主要是由作品反映生活的范围、作品的容量来决定的。长篇小说容量最大，最广阔，篇幅也比较长，具有比较复杂的结构，它一般是通过比较多的人物和纷繁的事件来表现社会生活的，如《红楼梦》。中篇小说反映生活的范围虽不像长篇那样广阔，但也能反映出一定广度的生活面，它的人物的多寡、情节的繁简介于长篇与短篇之间，如《人到中年》。短篇小说的特点是紧凑、短小精悍，它往往只写了一个或很少几个人物，描写了生活的一个片断或插曲。短篇小说所反映的生活虽不及长篇、中篇广阔，但也同样是完整的，有些还具有深刻、丰富的社会意义。

1. “A Good Man is Hard to Find,” Flannery O’ConnorFew short stories have stuck with us as much as this one, which is probably O'Connor's most famous work — and with good reason. The Misfit is one of the most alarming serial killers we've ever met, all the more so for his politeness, and the story’s moral is so striking and terrifying that — whether you subscribe to the religious undertones or not — a reader is likely to finish and begin to reexamine their entire existence. Or at least we did, the first time we read it.《好人难寻》这篇小说是奥康纳最为著名的作品，很少有其他短篇小说能像这篇一样给我们带来震撼。无论你是否能明了宗教般的潜在含义，看完这篇小说读者都会开始或是结束对存在的检视。2. “The School,” Donald BarthelmeThis story is very short, but pretty much perfect in every way. Though Barthelme is known for his playful, post modern style, we admire him for his ability to shape a world so clearly from so few words, chosen expertly. Barthelme never over explains, never uses one syllable too many, but effortlessly leads the reader right where he wants her to be. It's funny, it's absurdist, it's sad, it's enormous even in its smallness. It may be this writer’s favorite story of all time. You should read it.这篇小说很短，但是堪称完美。巴塞尔姆的优秀就在于他能用精选的极少几个文字就为我们叙述了一个世界。他很少过多地解释，就把读者带到了他想要你去地方。3. “In The Penal Colony,” Franz KafkaKafka called this one his“dirty story,”and thought it imperfect, but it's one of our favorites of his (though we also recommend “The Hunger Artist”and“A Country Doctor”). It's so obviously a story about writing, in some ultimate way — a machine punishes its victims by writing on them over and over until their bodies give out — but its as if, while the body is the source of every problem in the tale, every weakness, it is also the only place where true knowledge can be translated.卡夫卡称自己的这篇小说是一个“很脏的故事”，认为并不完美，但是这个短篇确实我们的最爱之一。在小说中，我们可以体会到，身体是一切问题和弱点的根源，但身体也是唯一能转化真知的地方。4. “Signs and Symbols,”Vladimir NabokovAnother short one, we revere this story for its ability to turn every tiny detail into a portentous disaster, not to mention the fact that it's penned in Nabokov's effortlessly gorgeous, silvery prose. An old Jewish couple goes to visit their son in the mental hospital, only to be turned away because he has attempted to kill himself. And that's it, really. They go home and look though a photo album, eat some jam. The phonerings. But the whole thing is, perhaps, both a comment on the nature of insanity and the nature of the short story itself, with all its rules and strangeness and banality. And all its symbols, of course. 我们喜欢这篇小说的原因就在于，这个故事有能力把每个细微的细节瞬间变为一场灾难，而Nabokov在写这篇小说用的是轻松华丽水银泻地般的散文风格。5. “Gooseberries,” Anton ChekhovChekhov's stories are indisputably among the greats, and this one, written rather late, is one of our favorites. Chekhov probes at both the frailty and the worth of humanity, not to mention the natureof life, both for the fortunate and the unfortunate. But like most of Chekhov's stories, there's no clear moral, there's no obvious takeaway. Some men sit around and discuss their thoughts, and we listen, mulling over the subtleties for ourselves.契科夫的小说无疑是最伟大的作品之一，而这篇是我们的最爱。这篇小说像他的其他小说一样，没有清晰的道德标准，我们只是静静地看着几个人围坐着，讨论他们的思想。6. “Sea Oak,” George Saunders“Sea Oak” is Saunders's favorite of his own stories, we've heard, so because we find it so hard to choose among them, we've included it here on his own recommendation. Absurdist and satirical, and including at least one zombie shouting at her housemates to get laid, it's a weird one. But it's also concerned with placelessness, with family, with poverty, and like all of Saunders's stories, has a good, thumping heart under all that darkness and fun-poking.这部小说是桑德斯最为喜爱的一步短篇，这也是我们听说的。因为我们很难做出选择，因此就把他自己的推介放在了这里。这部小说充满了荒诞和讽刺，但是也关心家庭和贫穷等问题。像他的其他小说一样，在黑暗和取笑中，也暗含着美好和快乐。7. “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas,” Ursula K. LeGuinLeGuin's parabolic tale, which won the Hugo Award for best short story in 1974, is a weird, spacious story about a city that seems to be a utopia — except for its one flaw, the single child that must always be kept in darkness and wretched misery so that the others may all live happily. Most of the citizens eventually accept this, but some do not, and silently leave the city, vanishing into the world around. Strange but pointed, Le Guin is a master of her genre.勒古这部寓言般的短篇小说获得过1974年的“雨果奖”，是关于一个类似乌托邦的城市的荒诞又宏大的故事。8. “The Veldt,” Ray BradburyThis tale, from one of the greatest science fiction writers in history, is deliciously wicked. Though it was written in 1950, this kind of story — of children driven mad by want, of technology turning on its masters — will never get old. Until technology actually turns on us, that is. Then we probably won't want to hear about it.布莱伯利作为历史上最富盛名的科幻小说家，这篇小说也是通过精心编写的。9. “The Bear Came Over the Mountain,” Alice MunroThe undisputed queen of the short story, Alice Munro’s work is stark and often heartbreakingly raw, and this story of memory loss and the aching tenderness of human interaction is no different. Fun fact: this story was adapted into the film “Away from Her”, starring Julie Christie and Gordon Pinsent.门罗是毫无争议的短篇小说女王，她的作品有一种朴实风格，常常带着心跳般的粗犷，这篇关于丧失记忆以及人类互动中的痛苦和柔弱的小说也不例外。10. “The Nose,” Nikolai GogolGogol might be the oldest writer on this list, but he’s also one of the weirdest — in a good way. Nabokov once wrote, “In Gogol…the absurd central character belongs to the absurd world around him but, pathetically and tragically, attempts to struggle out of it into the world of humans — and dies in despair.” What else can an absurd noseless man do, after all?果戈里应该是这个书单上最久远的作家了，但是他也是最荒诞的小说家之一。纳博科夫曾近这样写道：“在果戈里的作品中，荒诞的人物属于他周围荒诞的世界，但是却可怜兮兮且悲惨地要逃离他的世界，最终死于绝望”。

经典英语短篇小说推荐如下：1、密西西比河上的马戏团男孩 The Circus Boys On the M简介： 本书是1910-1920出版的一套儿童系列丛书中的一本，讲述了两个男孩离家加入马戏团的故事。达灵顿先生用大师之笔，向我们描绘了马戏团生活的真实画面。...2、Around the World in Seventy-Two DaysIn 1888, Bly suggested to her editor at the New York World that she take a trip around the world, attempting to turn the fictional Around the World in Eighty Days into fact for the first time. A year later, at 9:40 a.m. on November 14, 1889...3、The Aspern Papers简介： With a decaying Venetian villa as a backdrop, an anonymous narrator relates his obsessive quest for the personal documents of a deceased Romantic poet, one Jeffrey Aspern. Led by his mission into increasingly unscrupulous behavior, he is ul...4、At the Back of the North WindThere was once a little boy named Diamond and he slept in a low room over a coach house. In fact, his room was just a loft where they kept hay and straw and oats for the horses. Little Diamonds father was a coachman and he had named his boy..