英语倒装句高中

英语倒装句12种类型2019-04-30 11:30:31文/董玉莹倒装句：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。1完全倒装1. 用于 there be 句型.2. 用于“ here （ there, now, then ）＋不及物动词＋主语”的句型中,或以 in, out, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调.注意：（ 1 ）主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装.（ 2 ） here , there 放在句首通常用一般现在时.3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组.4. 表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”：（ 1 ）形容词＋连系动词＋主语Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师.（ 2 ）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了.（ 3 ）介词短语＋ be ＋主语Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西.5. 用于 so, neither , nor 开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容.原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致.例如：You can't speak French. Neither can she.你不会说法语,她也不会.6. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或是上下文紧密衔接时.例如： They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.他们来到一个小村庄,村庄前面是条大河.2部分倒装1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有

一、完全倒装：

1、概念：把谓语动词完全放在主语之前；

2、条件：

（1）某些表示处所、方向等意义的副词放到句首；

（2）物与动词是表示运动的不及物动词；

3、有here、there、now、then或out、in、up、down、away等副词，谓语为come、go等表示位置移动的动词时，且主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装，说明动作的突然和迅速；

e.g.

(1)Here comes a bus= A bus is coming;

(2)Then came a new development that had far-reaching effects. (接着是有深远影响的新发展)

(3)The door opened and in came a woman with a shopping-bag in her hand.

(4)Out rushed the children. (孩子们冲了出来)

4、在叙述性和描绘性的书面语中，当句子开头为in the distance、on the hill、in the valley、round the corner等地点状语时，动词又是cone、is、stand、walk等，构成完全倒装

e.g.

(1)In the distance is floating a boat.

(2)On the wall hangs / is hanging a picture.

(3)On the table were some flowers.

5、There引导的存在句：

e.g.

(1)There is no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. （不再有一个特定的上学、工作、结婚或成家的年龄了）

(2)There is no place left for the piano.

二、部分倒装：

1、概念：指把主语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前。

2、含有部分否定或全否意义的副词或连词如seldom、hardly、never、not、little in no time、by no means、scarcely、really等

e.g.

(1)Seldom does he go out at weekends.

(2)Never shall I forget it.

(3)Little does he care about what others think.

(4)Under no circumstances could we do anything against the low. （在任何情况下，我们都不应该做违法之事）

3、not…until

e.g.

(1)Not until the teacher explained it again did he understand it.

4、not only … but also（前倒后不倒）：

e.g.

(1)Not only was his nationality taken away, but also he was divern off from the country.

5、Neither … nor（前后都倒）

(1)Neither do I know about it, nor do I came.

6、当only后接副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时：

e.g.

(1)Only in this way can you improve your pronunciation.

(2)Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

(3)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get back to work.

7、把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也是适用于另一个人或物，其句式是：So + be/have（助动词或情态动词+主语）；把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面所说的否定内容也适用于另一人或物，其句式是：Nor/Neither + be/have（助动词或情态动词+主语）。

e.g.

(1)If he does not go to park tomorrow, neither will I.

(2)You are a Party member, so am I.

(3)He has been to Beijing, so have I.

(4)I am not interested in maths, neither is he.

(5)I did not go to the cinema last night, nor did he.

8、用以as引导的让步状语从句中，其结构如下：名词/形容词（副词）/分词+ as + 主语 + 动词，或动词原形 + as + 主语 + 助动词；

e.g.

(1)Tired as he was, he worked late into the night.

(2)Child as he was, he was very brave(勇敢).

(3)Try as they may, they will never succeed.

9、用于省略if的虚拟条件句（只有had、should、were(was)可倒装）：

e.g.

(1)If it were to rain tomorrow = Were it to rain tomorrow.

(2)If I had attended the meeting, I would have been here.= Had I attended the meeting, I would have been here.

10、在so…that、such…that的结构中，so、such放在句首时，后带表语或状语，借着的主语部分倒装，后面的结果状语从句不必倒装；

e.g.

(1)So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly here him.

11、为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调标语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时：

e.g.

(1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.

(2)Nearby were two canoes（独木舟），in which they had come to the island.（附近是两个独木舟，他们乘坐这两个独木舟来到这个岛）

12、表示时间频率的状语位于句首使，且表示强调，用倒装语序：

e.g.

(1)Often did we warn them not to do so.

差不多就是全倒和部分倒装，恩不难但是内容较多记忆的比较多，可以自己多下一些例句学习

1.“某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式,需要全部倒装.常用的副词主要有：here ,there ,now ,then ,out ,in ,down ,up ,away 等,表示强调.主语是代词时,不必倒装.Out rushed the boy .Down came the brown wave .2.表示方位的短语放在句首,后面一般使用倒装语序.West of the lake lies the famous city .3.There be + 主语+地点.其中动词be也可以是其他词,如lie,stand等.There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .There in Greece lived a famous thinker ,named Aristotle .4.如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,需要完全倒装；主语是代词时,一般不用倒装.“Let’s go !”said the captain .“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .5.为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时.They arrived at an old church ,in front of which stood a big crowd of people .6.用于so开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,意为“也怎么样”.另外,在结果状语从句句型so …that …中,如果强调so…放在句首,主句需要部分倒装.I often go out for a walk after supper .So does she .我经常在晚饭后出去散步,她也这样.So excited was she at the news that she couldn’t say a word .听到这个消息,她是如此激动,以致于一句话也说不出来.7.用于nor ,neither 开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,“也不怎么样”.Li Lei can’t answer the question .Neither can I .If you don’t wait for him ,nor shall I .8.only放在句首,强调状语（副词,介词短语或状语从句等）,全句语序要部分倒装.Only in this way can we get in touch with them .Only because he was ill was he absent from school .注意：only放在句首,强调主语时,语序不必倒装.Only Mr Wang knows about it .9.带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装.常见的词语有：not ,never ,seldom ,scarcely ,barely ,little ,at no time ,not only ,not once ,under on condition ,hardly … when ,no sooner …than ……等.Little did I think he is a spy .我一点也没想到他是一个间谍.Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .10.在虚拟语气中,倒装代替条件.Should he be here next week ,he would help us with the problem .Were there no light ,we could see nothing .11.用于某些表示祝愿的句子.May you succeed !Long live France !法兰西万岁!