经济学人英文节选

失去是一种艺术吗？ 伊丽莎白·毕肖普在诗里说，是的。 她是一位特立独行的美国诗人，一生动荡不安。她是一位同性恋，在诗中将爱情娓娓道来。她经历过常人未曾体会过的痛苦，她也得到过举世的赞美与殊荣。 接下来，就让我们在阅读中了解这位女诗人，以及她眼中的the art of losing。The art of losing ［1］ELIZABETH BISHOP did not like to give much away about herself. While others were writing confessional poetry, she ensured that she wrote at a distance. Poems which in original drafts mentioned characteristics of a lover were revised, sometimes as many as 17 times, in order to make the final work as polished and as impersonal as possible. She was a lesbian who never publicly admitted to the term, even as younger gay poets in the 1970s embraced it (partners were friends or even a “secretary”). She was an alcoholic who was ashamed of her drinking, but never sought long-term treatment. Poetry was a way of "thinking with one’s feelings”, but those feelings were often obscured, hidden within a parenthesis or written from the perspective of someone very different from herself. This is why she makes a fascinating subject for a biographer. confessional：忏悔室，（教堂内的）告解室;忏悔的; 自白的; “confession”的派生; impersonal：没有人情味的; 非个人的，和个人无关的; 不具人格的，一般性的; [语] 非人称的;非人称动词; 非人称代名词; 不具人格的事物; lesbian：女同性恋的; 莱斯博斯岛的;女同性恋者; 莱斯博斯岛人; alcoholic：酒精的，含酒精的；酒精中毒的;酗酒者，酒鬼; 酒精中毒者; obscured：使…模糊不清，掩盖(obscure的过去式和过去分词);[例句]The veil she was wearing obscured her features.她罩的面纱遮掩了她的面容。 parenthesis：圆括号;插入语;插入成分;间歇;[例句]In parenthesis, I'd say that there were two aspects to writing you must never lose sight of.插一句，关于写作，我认为有两个方面你绝不能忽视。 biographer：传记作者;[例句]She's a successful novelist and biographer.她是一个成功的小说家和传记作家。 伊丽莎白·毕肖普不愿意交待太多自己的事。当其他人都在写自白诗时，她却坚持自己和写出的诗保持距离。初版里提到情人特征的诗都会被修订17次之多，为了保证最终版本尽可能的完美和无关乎个人。她是一个女同性恋，但未曾公开承认过。即使是20世纪70年代，更年轻的同性恋诗人公开拥抱着另一半（伴侣是朋友甚至是一个“秘书”）的时候。她是一个为自己的贪饮而深感羞愧的酗酒者，但一直没有寻求长期治疗。诗歌是一种“用情感思考”的方式，但是那些情感常常被掩盖，隐藏在一个括号里，或是写自与她自己非常不同的视角。这也是为什么她对于传记作者来说非常有吸引力。 ［2］ “A Miracle for Breakfast”, the first full-length biography in two decades, ably manages to bring Bishop to life. Megan Marshall, who was taught by the poet at Harvard in 1976, recalls how she could seem prim and aunt-like to her students: “a grimmer, grayer, possibly even smaller woman than I’d remembered…dressed smartly but uncomfortably” Yet beneath this prim veneer of control was a rich, turbulent personality. Bishop herself was aware of the contrast, writing to one lover while she was teaching at the University of Washington in 1966: “Everyone treats me with such respect and calls me Miss B—and every once in a while I feel a terrible laugh starting down in my chest…how different I am from what they think, I’m sure.” ably：巧妙地; 熟练地; 精明强干地; 灵巧地;[例句]He was ably assisted by a number of other members.他得到其他一些成员的鼎力相助。 prim：整洁的; 循规蹈矩的;（人）一本正经;循规蹈矩地，整洁地;[例句]On her blonde wavy hair, the white hat looked nicely prim.这顶白色的帽子戴在她金色的卷发上显得非常雅致。 grim：冷酷的，残忍的; 严厉的; 阴冷的; 可怕的，讨厌的;[例句]They painted a grim picture of growing crime他们描绘了犯罪率上升的严峻情形。 veneer：饰面，护面; 外饰，虚饰; 表层饰板; 薄木片;胶合; 给…镶以饰片; 虚饰，粉饰; 镶盖; turbulent：骚乱的，混乱的; 激流的，湍流的; 吵闹的; 强横的;[例句]They had been together for five or six turbulent years of rows and reconciliations他们在一起生活了五六年，一直吵吵闹闹，分分合合，没有片刻安宁。 给早餐的一个奇迹，二十年来第一部长篇传记，巧妙地把毕肖普带到生活中。1976年在哈佛大学师从这位诗人的摩根·马歇尔回忆她对于她的学生来说她看起来如何整洁，像阿姨一样：比我记忆的更加严厉，更加苍白，更小的女人，穿得很精致但不舒服。但是在这严谨之下，是一个丰饶动荡的性子。毕肖普自己知道这种反差，1996年当她在华盛顿大学教书时，给一个恋人的信中这样写：每个人都非常尊敬我，，叫我毕小姐，每次我想放声大笑时，就觉得，我和他们以为的样子是多么不同啊，我敢保证。” ［3］Bishop’s past was indeed more complicated than many knew, even those close to her. Ms Marshall has had access to a previously unknown trove of letters that Bishop wrote to her psychiatrist and to various lovers, which became available after the death of her executor and last lover, Alice Methfessel, in 2009. These depict an unsettled, unhappy childhood. When Bishop was just three her mother was hospitalised for mental illness. She was brought up by a series of relatives. One uncle molested her and was violent, grabbing her by the hair and dangling her over of the railing of a second-floor balcony. “Maybe lots of people have never known real sadists at first hand,” Bishop later wrote to her psychiatrist. “I got to thinking that they [men] were all selfish and inconsiderate and would hurt you if you gave them a chance.” trove：（物主不明的）发掘出来的金银财宝;[例句]This Islington shop is a treasure trove of beautiful bridalwear.这家位于伊斯灵顿区的商店里汇聚了各种漂亮的新娘服装。 psychiatrist：精神病医生; 精神病专家，精神病医生; executor：遗嘱执行人; 执行者; 实行者; molest：妨害; 骚扰，干扰; 调戏，（对女性）动手动脚; dangle：悬荡，垂着摆动; 尾随，追逐;使摇晃地挂着或摆荡; 悬而未定;[例句]A gold bracelet dangled from his left wrist一只金手镯在他的左手腕上晃来晃去。 balcony：阳台; 包厢; （电影院等的） 楼厅，楼座;[例句]She led us to a room with a balcony overlooking the harbour她把我们领进了一个带阳台的房间，从那里可以俯瞰海港。 sadist：（性）施虐狂者; inconsiderate：轻率的; 不替别人着想的; 不体谅别人的; 考虑不周的; 毕肖普的过去实际上比很多人知道的更复杂，即使是那些和她很亲近的人。马歇尔女士已经接触到了之前不为人知的信件，这些信件是毕肖普写给她的心理咨询师和不同的情人的，这些信件在2009年她的遗嘱执行人和她最后一个爱人爱丽丝·梅思费塞尔死后流传出来的。这些信描述了一个居无定所的不幸童年。当毕肖普仅仅三岁时，她的母亲就因为精神问题住院了。她是被许多不同的亲戚抚养长大的。一个叔叔猥亵她，非常残暴，曾抓着她的头发并将她吊在二楼阳台栏杆上。“也许许多人从没和性虐狂直接接触过”，毕肖普不久写给她的精神医生说：我开始认为他们都很自私，不体谅别人，只要你给他机会就会伤害你。 ［4］Bishop’s adult life was no less tumultuous. A man she briefly dated committed suicide a year after she rejected his marriage proposal. He sent her a postcard as a suicide note: “Elizabeth, Go to hell.” One of her lovers managed to crash a car carrying Bishop and one of her friends (whom she was also in love with); Bishop and her lover were fine, but her friend, who had been a painter, lost her arm and could not paint again. Bishop often drank herself into a stupor, starting “the hour before dawn” and sometimes continuing even until she was hospitalised. Her partner of over a decade, Lota de Macedo Soares, a Brazilian self-taught landscape designer, overdosed after a breakdown partly caused by Bishop’s infidelity. tumultuous：骚乱的; 吵闹的; 狂暴的; 激烈的; stupor：昏迷; 恍惚; 目光呆滞; 惊愕;[例句]He fell back onto the sofa in a drunken stupor他烂醉如泥，瘫倒在沙发上。 overdosed：使…用药过量(overdose的过去式和过去分词);[例句]The city, he concluded, had overdosed on design.他的结论是这座城市过分重视规划设计了。 infidelity：无信仰; 不忠实; 不贞的行为;[例句]George ignored his partner's infidelities乔治对伴侣的不忠行为视而不见。 毕肖普的成人生活也很混乱。一个她短期约会过的男人，在她拒绝他的求婚的一年后自杀身亡。他给她送了一张明信片作为自杀信条：“伊丽莎白，下地狱去吧。”她的一个情人撞车了，车上带着她和她的一个朋友（也是一个她爱的人）；她和她的爱人没事，但是她的朋友，原本是个画家，失去了她的胳膊再也不能画画了。毕肖普常常喝的不省人事，从“黎明前的那一刻”甚至到她住院时。她的伴侣，一个巴西的自学成才的景观设计师，由于毕肖普不忠而崩溃服药过量。 ［5］Ms Marshall’s skill prevents this narrative from becoming depressing. The Bishop that emerges from her telling may be at times morose or ashamed of her drinking (wishing, as she wrote to Methfessel, that she could be more like writers who “drink worse than I do, at least badly & all the time, and don’t seem to have any regrets or shame—just write poems about it”). But she also appears vivacious, attractive and full of life. Even the worst heartbreak brought out wonderful poetry, such as her most famous poem, “One Art”, which starts: “The art of losing isn’t hard to master;/so many things seem filled with the intent/to be lost that their loss is no disaster.” narrative：故事; 记叙文; 叙述，记事; 叙述手法;叙述的，叙事体的; 善于叙述的; morose：闷闷不乐的，阴郁的; vivacious：活泼的，快活的;快活地，活泼地; 马歇尔女士的写作技巧使这篇故事不那么沉闷。她的讲述中出现的毕肖普有时闷闷不乐或因酗酒而羞愧（像她写给爱人的信中提到，毕肖普希望自己能更像那些“比我喝的更严重，至少很沉迷，或者一直，没有任何羞愧——只是写相关的诗”）的诗人。但这个毕肖普也显得活泼，迷人，充满活力。即使是最糟糕的心碎也带来了美妙的诗歌，就像她最著名的诗歌《一种艺术》所描绘的：“失去这种艺术并不难掌握；这么多事物似乎充满被丢失的意图，那失去它们也就不算灾祸”。 ［6］Three relationships in particular illuminate a lighter side to Bishop: her time with Soares in Brazil, which inspired some of her finest work (“Hidden, oh hidden/in the high fog/the house we live in,/beneath the magnetic rock…”); her later years with Methfessel; and her friendship with Robert “Cal” Lowell, the one other writer with whom she immediately felt at ease. illuminate：照亮，照明; 阐明，说明; 装饰; 使灿烂;照亮;[例句]No streetlights illuminated the street这条街上没有照明的路灯。 三段关系对毕肖普而言比较轻松：她和索尔斯在巴西的日子，激励了她一些最好的作品（躲了又躲，隐藏在高高的雾里，我们栖居的房子，上边是磁性的岩石……）她接下来几年和梅思费塞尔在一起的日子，和她和罗伯特·罗威尔的友谊——另一位能让她感到轻松自在的作家。 ［7］Bishop first met Lowell in 1947 at a dinner party in New York. They stayed in touch for the rest of their lives, writing over 400 letters to one another. Lowell supported her and helped her find grants and postings, and praised her work. He carried around a poem of hers in his wallet as a talisman. They were so different; Lowell wrote hundreds of confessional poems, often quoting from other people’s letters to him. postings：任命，委派(posting的名词复数); talisman：护身符; 法宝; 驱邪物; 有不可思议的力量之物; 毕肖普是在1947年纽约一次晚餐上首次遇到罗威尔的。他们余生一直保持联系，彼此来信有400多封。罗威尔支持帮助她查找基金和任命，并表扬了她的作品。他总是随身带着她的一首诗在钱包里作为护身符。他们是如此的不同，罗威尔写了几百首自白诗，常常引用别人写给他的信中的话。 ［8］The relationship between the two is one of the joys of this book. As Ms Marshall puts it: “Elizabeth would always remember the younger poet’s endearingly ‘rumpled’ dark-blue suit and the ‘sad state of his shoes’ on the night of their first meeting, how handsome he was despite needing a haircut, and, most of all, ‘that it was the first time I had ever actually talked with someone about how one writes poetry’.” endearingly：讨人喜欢地;[例句]Rather endearingly, Mr Goh admitted he did not quite know what people wanted.有点可爱的是，吴作栋承认，他不太清楚人们的需求。 rumpled：弄皱，使凌乱(rumple的过去式和过去分词); 这两人的关系是这本书一个趣味所在。就像马歇尔女士所说：“伊丽莎白将会永远记住第一次见面的晚上，年轻诗人穿的讨人喜欢的皱巴巴的深蓝西装和脏脏的鞋子，虽然没有理发但是依然各种帅气，还有最重要的是他是第一个她可以真正讨论如何写诗的人。” ［9］Ms Marshall intersperses chapters about Bishop with chapters of memoir, which touch upon her time as Bishop’s student. This gives the biography a sense of authenticity, but it interrupts the flow of the narrative. It also seems in sharp contrast with her intensely private subject. But this is a small price to pay for a biography which at last illuminates one of America’s finest, and most elusive, poets. intersperse：点缀; 散布，散置; memoir：回忆录，自传; 记事录; Authenticity：可靠性，确实性，真实性;[例句]The entire production evinces authenticity and a real respect for the subject matter整部作品表现出真实性以及对主题的真正尊重。 elusive：难以捉摸的; 不易记住的; 逃避的; 难以找到的; 马歇尔女士 的回忆录散布有关于毕肖普的章节，当她还是毕肖普学生的那段时间。这给了传记真实感，但它打断了叙事的流程。这也与她强烈的私人话题形成鲜明对比。但是对于一部记录了美国最优秀的也最难以捉摸的诗人之一的传记，这点代价实在是太微不足道了。 当毕肖普写下失去是一种艺术，是不是想着自己半生的坎坷，幼年流离，疾病缠身，感情周折，也许，她把这些痛苦的经历都看作对自己的磨练，那独特的灵魂从中升腾起来，化到诗中流传于世，这就是the art of losing。英文原文： 讲解：霞姐 / Tiassa / Angel 编排 / 校对：Angel

Three kingdoms, two empires 三国鼎立，两帝称雄 ★题目翻译： three kingdoms应该是借鉴了中国的《三国演义》，而中文翻译也同样借鉴了“三国鼎立”这个成语，相当于增补了一个动词； 后半部分的two empires则为了和前面对应，同样增补了动词“称雄”♂ 这个增补词语的选择与正文所讲述的内容有关，主要讲了中国三大互联网公司的发展现状，其中阿里巴巴和腾讯发展势头迅猛而百度则被甩开，所以这里取“称雄”作为动词。THERE was a time, not that long ago, when China’s big internet companies were dismissed by investors in Silicon Valley as marginal firms with a tendency to copy Western products. Not any more . Today they are monsters with increasingly hefty international ambitions . 就在不久前，硅谷的投资者还根本不把中国的大型互联网公司放在眼里，认为它们不过是些边缘企业，往往都是照搬西方的产品。时过境迁，今天这些中国互联网公司已经长成了猛兽，在国际市场上的野心不断膨胀。 ★单词 dismiss : V-T If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider. 不予理会，比如： Mr. Wakeham dismissed the reports as speculation. 韦克厄姆先生把这些报道当作臆测而不予理会。 其他常用含义： 解雇 V-T When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job that they have been doing. marginal : ADJ If you describe people as marginal, you mean that they are not involved in the main events or developments in society because they are poor or have no power. 无足轻重的，比如： The tribunals were established for the well-integrated members of society and not for marginal individuals. 这个特别法庭是为社会中的主流人群设立的，而不是为了无足轻重的小人物。 其他常用含义： 边际的 ADJ Marginal activities, costs, or taxes are not the main part of a business or an economic system, but often make the difference between its success or failure, and are therefore important to control. 边际的 hefty : ADJ Hefty means large in size, weight, or amount. 庞大的; 沉重的，比如： She was quite a hefty woman. 她是个相当高大的女人。 其他常用含义: 有力的 ADJ A hefty movement is done with a lot of force. ★翻译tips as-这里把介词翻译成了“认为”，动词化。 with a tendency：译为频度副词“往往”，而不是直译成“有…的趋势”。 Not any more. 英文文章中常见的一句话，“时过境迁”是个值得积累的中文表达，意思是随着时间推移，情况发生了变化。 international ambitions：增译，只译为“国际野心”没有任何含义，在根据语境增译了“市场”，意思就通顺了。Alibaba, China’s biggest e-commerce group, handles more transactions each year than do eBay and Amazon combined. Jack Ma, its chairman, pledges to serve 2bn consumers around the world within 20 years. Tencent, which specialises in online games and social media, is now the world’s tenth most valuable public firm , worth some $275bn. Pony Ma (no relation), its chairman, wants China to “preside over the global tech revolution of the future”. But as the two firms become global forces, the third member of China’s “ BAT” trio of internet giants, Baidu, an online-search firm that came to dominate the mainland market after Google left the country to avoid censorship, is lagging behind. 中国最大的电商集团阿里巴巴每年处理的交易量超过eBay和亚马逊的总和，董事局主席马云承诺要在20年内为全球20亿消费者提供服务。专注网络游戏和社交媒体的腾讯公司现在是世界第十大最有价值的上市公司，市值约2750亿美元。董事长马化腾（和马云不是亲戚）希望中国能“领导未来的全球科技革命”。中国互联网三巨头“BAT”中的第三位是百度。谷歌为避免审查制度退出中国后，百度便称霸中国大陆的在线搜索市场。另外两大巨头已成为国际大公司，百度却落在人后。 ★单词 马云、马化腾有“二马”之称，在外刊中一般都只使用他们的英文名字，前者Jack Ma，后者Pony Ma public firm ：上市公司。go public 上市 preside over : to be in a position of authority at a time when important things are happening 负责（重要局面），比如： The government seemed to be presiding over large-scale unemployment. 政府似乎正面临着大规模的失业状况。 其他含义： 1）to be the head of a company or organization 掌管，管辖，领导 2）to be in charge of a meeting or activity 主持 BAT trio ： 1）trio：a set or group of three people or things三人组，三件套。主要是强调“三”这个概念，和原文中的trio of internet giants合起来就是常说的“三巨头”。Trio还有一个意思是“三重唱，三重奏”，与之相关的独唱（奏）、二重唱（奏）、四重唱（奏）分别是solo，duet，quartet 2）BAT-中国国内三大互联网公司，B-Baidu百度、A-Alibaba阿里巴巴、T-Tencent腾讯。 美国也有类似的三巨头，称为“GAF”,即：G-Google谷歌、A-Amazon亚马逊/A-Apple苹果、F-Facebook脸书。 bn=billion 十亿；mn=million 百万；tn=trillion 万亿/兆 ★长难句解析 Alibaba(主语), China’s biggest e-commerce group（同位语）, handles（谓语） more transactions（宾语） each year（时间状语） /than do eBay and Amazon combined(状语). 不好理解的点在于than后面的部分，do代替了前面的handle，combined作后置定语修饰eBay and Amazon表示二者加起来的。涉及比较的句子中，如果谓语动词是实义动词，那么than后面的比较对象的动词一般用do/did/does替代，并提到名词前面。 But as the two firms become global forces（状从）, the third member of China’s “BAT” trio of internet giants（主语）, Baidu（同位语）, an online-search firm（同位语）/ that came to dominate the mainland market after Google left the country to avoid censorship（定语从句，after是定从嵌套的状从）/, is lagging behind（主句谓语）. 这一句主语部分较长，官方的译文并没有严格按照英文的顺序进行翻译，而是根据中文的表达逻辑进行了调整。 1）先翻译the third member of China’s “BAT” trio of internet giants, Baidu将短语译成了句子。先翻这一句是因为前面分别介绍了阿里巴巴和腾讯，从这一句开始都是讲百度，所以先把句子的主要对象引出来，再去翻译它的情况。 2）an online-search firm that came to dominate the mainland market after Google left the country to avoid censorship 把定语从句和先行词也单独译成了一句。这一句主要按照时间顺序翻译，先说谷歌退出中国，再说百度占领市场，并且先行词和定从中的market进行了结合，避免重复介绍百度，同时说清楚了它所占领的是什么市场。 3）介绍了百度之前的情况之后，在翻译现在和另外两家公司的对比，But as the two firms become global forces以及is lagging behind两部分。 这一个长句的翻译很好的体现了中英文表达上逻辑的不同，这一句主要是按照以时间为线索，先介绍主体，再介绍主体过去和现在的情况。All three firms differ from their Western peers in important ways. First, Western companies usually prefer to focus on a few core areas, whereas Chinese internet firms typically try to do everything from cloud computing to digital payments. When this works, as with Tencent’s wildly successful app, WeChat, the results can be impressive. 这三家公司与西方同行在几个重要方面有所不同。首先，西方公司通常会聚焦几个核心领域，而中国互联网公司一般涉猎广泛，从云计算到数字支付无不尝试。这样的尝试一旦成功，结果便会非常可观，腾讯大获成功的应用微信即是如此。 ★单词 as with ：正如，如同…一样 ★翻译tips When this works, as with Tencent’s wildly successful app, WeChat, the results can be impressive. this-Chinese internet firms typically try to do everything from cloud computing to digital payments as…WeChat 插入语放到了后面翻译，先翻译从句和主句 Second, with the exception of political censorship , the internet sector in China is lightly regulated. Facebook, Apple and Google, in contrast, face increasing scrutiny. Chinese internet firms can achieve market domination of a sort that would attract close attention in other markets. 第二，抛开要接受政治审查这一点，中国互联网行业的监管较为宽松；而Facebook、苹果和谷歌则面临日益严格的审视。以中国互联网企业能达到的市场支配地位，换在其他市场，会受到监管机构的密切关注。 ★单词 censorship : N-UNCOUNT Censorship is the censoring of books, plays, movies, or reports, especially by government officials, because they are considered immoral or secret in some way. (官方对书刊、剧本、电影或新闻报道的) 审查，比如： The government today announced that press censorship was being lifted. 该政府今日宣告说正在撤销新闻审查。 中国的电影审查制度就用 film censorship；电影分级制度可以说film/motion picture rating system；（电影电视中）广告植入 product placement of a sort ：一种，一类，sort可看做等于market domination 其他含义：of sorts/of a sort 勉强称得上的，勉强算的，比如： I have a conversation of sorts with a very drunk man at the bus stop.The third difference is that they can succeed on a rapid and massive scale because the state-dominated economy is so inefficient. Often there is not even a physical infrastructure to leapfrog —so-called third-tier cities, for example, often lack big retail centres. Nationwide there is one shopping mall per 1.2m people. 第三个区别是，由于国家主导的经济效率低下，中国互联网企业可以快速取得大规模成功。企业发展过程中通常甚至都没有挡路的实体机构，比如在所谓的三线城市，往往都缺少大型零售中心。中国每120万人才有一个大型购物中心。 ★单词 physical ：实体的。实体店-physical store leapfrog : V-T/V-I If one group of people leapfrogs into a particular position or leapfrogs someone else, they use the achievements of another person or group in order to make advances of their own. (利用别人成就) 超越，比如： It is already obvious that all four American systems have leapfrogged over the European versions. 显然，美国的全部4套系统已经超越了欧洲的版本。 third-tier ：三线城市；second-tier：二线城市。或者也可以说tier two/tier three city ★翻译tips: a physical infrastructure to leapfrog： 1)infrastructure 通常译为“基础设施”，既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词，原文前面加了a，所以译文将其具体化成“实体机构”，主要是指国有的机构。 2）按照顺序应该是“对企业来说甚至没有可以让其超越的实体机构”，译文直接转换了角度，将“企业去超越实体机构”转换成“挡路的实体机构”，更符合中文表达习惯。A huge home market has not stopped the trio from fighting bloody turf wars among each other. The outcome to this battle is rapidly becoming clear. Tencent and Alibaba are surging ahead; a series of own goals has left Baidu far behind. The common jibe about Baidu among local experts is that it is becoming the Yahoo of China, a once-dominant search giant that sank owing to a lack of innovation and a series of management blunders . 国内市场如此巨大，却仍未能阻止这三巨头相互厮杀抢夺地盘。这场战斗的结果正迅速明朗。腾讯和阿里巴巴遥遥领先，百度则因自己一连串的乌龙球而远远落后。国内专家最常用来挖苦百度的一个说法就是它正在变成中国的雅虎。雅虎一度是占据市场主导地位的搜索巨头，却因缺乏创新和一系列管理失误而沉沦。 ★单词 turf wars : a fight or argument over the areas or things you think belong to you 地盘之争 turf：N-UNCOUNT 1）Someone's turf is the area which is most familiar to them or where they feel most confident. 地盘; 活动范围，比如： Their turf was St.Louis: its streets, theaters, homes, and parks. 他们的地盘是圣路易斯：它的街道、剧院、住宅和公园。 2）草皮 own goal ： 1）a goal that you accidentally score against your own team without intending to in a game of football, hockey etc. 乌龙球（足球、曲棍球等比赛中） 2）an action or remark that has the opposite effect from what you intended （不利于自己的）错事，蠢话，自打嘴巴 ，比如： The minister’s admission turned out to be a spectacular own goal. 这位部长的招认结果成了引人注目的自打嘴巴。 leave behind ：把…落在后面（常用被动），比如： In class, a child with poor eyesight can soon be left behind. 在课堂上，视力不好的孩子很快就会落在别人的后面。 近义词：lag behind 落后于（与be left behind同义），比如： Britain is lagging behind the rest of Europe. 英国落后于欧洲其他国家。 blunder ： 1）N-COUNT A blunder is a stupid or careless mistake. 愚蠢错误，比如： I think he made a tactical blunder by announcing it so far ahead of time. 我认为他如此提早宣布消息是犯了战术上的错误。——可以替换mistake 2）V-I If you blunder, you make a stupid or careless mistake. 犯愚蠢错误，比如： No doubt I had blundered again. 不用说我又犯了个蠢错。 3）V-I If you blunder into a dangerous or difficult situation, you get involved in it by mistake. 误入 (危险境地或困境)，比如： People wanted to know how they had blundered into war, and how to avoid it in the future. 人们想弄清他们怎么会错误地卷入战争，将来如何才能避免这样的事。 4）V-I If you blunder somewhere, you move there in a clumsy and careless way. 跌跌撞撞地走，比如： He had blundered into the table, upsetting the flowers. 他撞上了桌子，打翻了花。 ★翻译tips The common jibe about Baidu among local experts is that it is becoming the Yahoo of China, a once-dominant search giant that sank owing to a lack of innovation and a series of management blunders. 1）The common jibe about Baidu among local experts：国内专家最常用来挖苦百度的一个说法——jibe-词性转换，译为动词；增译“一个说法” 2）a once-dominant search giant that sank owing to a lack of innovation and a series of management blunders. 同位语，介绍Yahoo的情况，译文中以“雅虎”为主语重启一句。Its revenue growth fell to 6.3% in 2016, down from 35% in 2015 and 54% in 2014. The firm gets some nine-tenths of its revenues from online ads, but this income is plunging as marketers redirect spending from search ads on Baidu to social-media networks like WeChat and mobile-commerce platforms run by Alibaba. Meanwhile, Baidu is burning cash trying to keep its various big bets on artificial intelligence (AI), online video, virtual and augmented-reality technologies, and “online to offline” (O2O) services going. One of China’s most respected business consultants is pessimistic about its future: “There is very little chance they’ll be relevant in five years.” 百度的收入增长率在2016年下降至6.3%，远低于2015年的35%和2014年的54%。公司收入约九成都来自在线广告，但由于商家把花在百度搜索广告的钱转投至微信这样的社交媒体网络以及阿里巴巴运营的移动商务平台，百度的收入大幅下滑。同时，百度还在烧钱维系它的几个大赌注：人工智能（AI）、在线视频、虚拟和增强现实技术，以及“线上到线下”（O2O）服务。中国最受尊敬的商业顾问之一对百度的未来持悲观态度：“五年以后很可能就没百度什么事了。” ★单词 burn cash ：花钱，烧钱。跟中文的“烧钱”意思相通。 ★翻译tips There is very little chance they’ll be relevant in five years. 五年以后很可能就没百度什么事了 正说反译，原句中未出现not之类的否定词，而在翻译中则用到了“没”这个中文中的否定词。