the present participle(1)as an adverbialthe present participle(2)as an attributivethe present participle(3)as a predicative or as an object complementthe present participle(4)perfect form & passive formthe infinitive(1)the continuous form & the perfect formthe infinitive(2)the passive formthe past participle(1)as an adverbial or as an attributivethe past participle(2)as a predicative or as an object complement