referred的英文

规则动词的过去式变化如下： 一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： worked played wanted acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化 AB型 can could shall should will would may might AAA型 cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let must must must put put put set set set shut shut shut read read read AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become come came come run ran run ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought catch caught caught teach taught taught build built built lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent dig dug dug hang hung hung feel felt felt keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept leave left left smell smelt smelt spill spilt spilt lay laid laid pay paid paid say said said sell sold sold tell told told sit sat sat spit spat spat stand stood stood understand understood understood learn learnt learnt mean meant meant spoil spoilt spoilt shine shone shone win won won have had had make made made hear heard heard find found found hold held held ABC型 begin began begun drink drank drunk ring rang rung sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum blow blew blown fly flew flown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown draw drew drawn show showed shown break broke broken choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken wake woke woken drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen give gave given hide hid hidden ride rode ridden rise rose risen take took taken mistake mistook mistaken write wrote written am,is was been are were been do did done go went gone lie lay lain see saw seen wear wore worn 易错型 show showed shown draw drew drawn fall fell fallen feel felt felt hold held held help helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took taken talk talked talked get got got forget forgot forgotten meet met met mean meant meant hit hit hit hide hid hidden ring rang rung bring brought brought eat ate eaten beat beat beaten lie lay lain lay laid laid find found found found founded founded buy bought bought bring brought brought learn learnt learnt hear heard heard 回答者：leosongyou - 进士出身 九级 3-31 22:03 评价已经被关闭 目前有 3 个人评价 好 66% （2） 不好 33% （1） 其他回答共 2 条 5 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 情况 例词 读音与说明 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 一般在动词原形后加-ed look call open need looked called opened needed looked [lukt] called [kC:ld] opened [5EupEnd] needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t〕，在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕，在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id] ③但fix的过去式和过去 分词x不双写，为fixed. 以-e结尾的动词加-d move phone hope agree moved phoned hoped agreed moved [mu:vd] phoned [fEund] hoped [hEupt] agreed [E5^ri:d] 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i， 再加-ed study carry try studied studied carried studied [5stQdid] carried [5kArid] tried [traid] 以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed played [pleid] enjoyed [in5dVCid] stayed [steid] 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop plan fit stopped planned fitted stopped [stCpt] planned [plAnd] fitted [5fitid] 以-r音节结尾的词，双写r字母， 再加-ed prefer refer preferred referred preferred [prI`f:d] referred [ri5fE:] 2) 不规则变化 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则，可分为五种情况。 1．动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 cut（切） hit（打） cast（扔） hurt（伤害） put（放） let（让） shut（关） cost（花费） set（放） rid（清除） cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid 2．过去式与过去分词完全同形。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 find（找到） pay（支付） leave（离开） lend（借出） meet（遇见） keep（保持） lose（丢失） teach（教） sit（坐） lead（引导） win（赢）除） found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won 3．动词原形与过去分词同形 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 come（来） run（跑） become（成为） came ran became come run become 4．动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 give（给） fly（飞） drink（喝） see（看见） go（去） know（知道） wear（穿） speak（说） gave flew drank saw went knew wore spoke given flown drunk seen gone known worn spoken 5．过去式和过去分词有两种形式 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 burn（燃烧） burned burnt burned burnt learn（学习） learned learnt learned learnt smell（闻） smelled smelt smelled smelt spell （拼写） spelled spelt spelled spelt shine （照射） shined shone shined shone leap （跳） leaped leapt leaped leapt 提示 a. beat的过去式与原形同形： 比：beat（打击） beat（过去式） beaten（过去分词） b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 比：lie lied, lied（说谎） lay, lain（躺，位于） c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 比：hang hanged, hanged（处绞刑） hung, hung(挂，吊) d. welcome（欢迎）一词是规则动词，不可误用为不规则动词 比：welcome welcomed, welcomed（正） welcome, welcome（误） e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 比：hit（打） hit, hit（正） hitted, hitted（误） 6 现在分词的变化规则 规则 动词原形 现在分词及发音 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing，-ing发音为 [iN] go push play carry going [5^EuiN] pushing [5puFiN] playing [pleiiN] carrying [5kAriiN] 以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking [5teikiN] writing [5raitiN] leaving [5li:viN] 重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母，要将该辅音字母双写，再加-ing cut stop fit begin forget cutting [5kQtiN] stopping [5stCpiN] fitting [5fitiN] beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN] 以ie结尾的动词，要把ie改为y，再加-ing lie die tie lying [5laiiN] dying [5daiiN] tying [5taiiN] 后面是r的,加了ed是否要读成类似“gather的”，直接加读音d，肯定没错。 下面是一些搜来的资料，希望对你有帮助。 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 情况 例词 读音与说明 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 一般在动词原形后加-ed look call open need looked called opened needed looked [lukt] called [kC:ld] opened [5EupEnd] needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t〕，在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕，在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id] ③但fix的过去式和过去 分词x不双写，为fixed. 以-e结尾的动词加-d move phone hope agree moved phoned hoped agreed moved [mu:vd] phoned [fEund] hoped [hEupt] agreed [E5^ri:d] 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i， 再加-ed study carry try studied studied carried studied [5stQdid] carried [5kArid] tried [traid] 以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed played [pleid] enjoyed [in5dVCid] stayed [steid] 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop plan fit stopped planned fitted stopped [stCpt] planned [plAnd] fitted [5fitid] 以-r音节结尾的词，双写r字母， 再加-ed prefer refer preferred referred preferred [prI`f:d] referred [ri5fE:] 2) 不规则变化 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则，可分为五种情况。 1．动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 cut（切） hit（打） cast（扔） hurt（伤害） put（放） let（让） shut（关） cost（花费） set（放） rid（清除） cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid 2．过去式与过去分词完全同形。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 find（找到） pay（支付） leave（离开） lend（借出） meet（遇见） keep（保持） lose（丢失） teach（教） sit（坐） lead（引导） win（赢）除） found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won 3．动词原形与过去分词同形 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 come（来） run（跑） become（成为） came ran became come run become 4．动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 give（给） fly（飞） drink（喝） see（看见） go（去） know（知道） wear（穿） speak（说） gave flew drank saw went knew wore spoke given flown drunk seen gone known worn spoken 5．过去式和过去分词有两种形式 例： 原形 过去式 过去分词 burn（燃烧） burned burnt burned burnt learn（学习） learned learnt learned learnt smell（闻） smelled smelt smelled smelt spell （拼写） spelled spelt spelled spelt shine （照射） shined shone shined shone leap （跳） leaped leapt leaped leapt 提示 a. beat的过去式与原形同形： 比：beat（打击） beat（过去式） beaten（过去分词） b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 比：lie lied, lied（说谎） lay, lain（躺，位于） c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 比：hang hanged, hanged（处绞刑） hung, hung(挂，吊) d. welcome（欢迎）一词是规则动词，不可误用为不规则动词 比：welcome welcomed, welcomed（正） welcome, welcome（误） e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 比：hit（打） hit, hit（正） hitted, hitted（误） 参考资料：百度知道 规则动词过去式的构成 构成规则 原形 过去式 一般动词原形末尾加－ed look play lift looked[lukt] played[pleid] lifted['liftid] 结尾是e的动词加-d live hope use lived[livd] hoped[h3upt] used[juz:d] 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop plan(计划) fit(适合) stopped[stCpt] planned[pl$nd] fitted['fitid] 结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变"y"为"i"再加"ed" study carry worry studied['stKdid] carried['k$rid] worried['wKrid] 2） 规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则： 读音 例词 在浊辅音和元音后面 [d] called[kC:ld] borrowed['bCr3ud] moved[mu:vd] enjoyed[in'dICid] welcomed['welk3md] answered['a:ns3d] 在清辅音后面 [t] finished['finisNt] helped[helpt] passed[pa:st] reached[ri:tNt] 在[t],[d]音后面 [id] wanted['wCntid] started['sta:tid] needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid] 3） 不规则动词的过去式参见不规则动词表，常见不规则动词有： am/is - was have - had come - came put - put buy - bought wear - wore are - were do - did say - said eat - ate read - read[red] go - went get - got see - saw take - took make - made

英文是：reference

英［＇refrəns］

释义：

n.参考，参照；涉及，提及；参考书目；介绍信；证明书

vi.引用

vt.引用

［复数：references；第三人称单数：references；现在分词：referencing；过去式：referenced；过去分词：referenced］

短语：

frame of reference参考系；参照系；参照架构

近义词：indication

英［ɪndɪ＇keɪʃn］

释义：

n.指示，指出；迹象；象征

［复数：indications］

短语：

INDICATION OF SOURCE货源标记；产地标记；产地标志；来源标示

refer的意思有：

1、把...归因(于),认为...起源(于)[(+to)]

例：He referred all his troubles to bad luck.他将他的一切麻烦都归因于运气不好。

2、把...归类(于),把...归属(于)[(+to)]

例：Botanists refer this flower to the rose family.植物学家将这花归入蔷薇科。

3、将...提交,交付[(+to)]

例：We referred the proposal to the board of directors.我们把这一建议提交董事会处理。

4、 指点,使求助于[(+to)]

例：The doctor referred the patient to a specialist.这位医生把病人转介绍给专门医生诊治。

双语例句

重点词汇：started

发音:英 [ˈstɑːtɪd]美 [ˈstɑːrtɪd]

翻译：

v.

开始；出发；创办，开办；（start的过去式和过去分词）

短语搭配

双语例句

参考的英文为reference。

reference 英[ˈrefrəns]美[ˈrefrəns]

n. 说到(或写到)的事；提到；谈及；涉及；参考；查询；查阅；

v. 查阅；参考；给(书等)附参考资料；

[例句]The library contains many popular works of reference。

这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。

[其他] 第三人称单数：references复数：references现在分词：referencing过去式：referenced过去分词：referenced

reference近义词refer解释

refer 英[rɪˈfɜː(r)]，美[rɪˈfɜːr]

v. 谈及；提到；提及；称…(为)；指；涉及；描述；

[例句]Our observations may contain a grain of truth for you to refer to。

我们的意见也许会有千虑一得之处，供你参考。

[其他] 第三人称单数：refers现在分词：referring过去式：referred过去分词：referred

refer的过去式，查refer吧，有在线辞典，百度

started to refer to Jan as Queen of Takotna的中文翻译是开始称简为塔科特纳女王

重点词汇：of

词语分析：

音标：英 [əv; ɒv]   美 [əv; ʌv]

prep. 属于；……的；……的一部分；住在（某地）；关于；由……组成的；因为；（表示人或事的时空位置）在，当

短语：

out of sight of 在不能看见…的地方

of the order of 大约；达到…的程度

例句：

Viewed from the top of Mount Tai, the sunrise was indeed a spectacle.

从泰山顶上看去，日出真是个奇观。

Be conscientious and make a good job of publishing.

要认真做好出版工作。

The brain needs a continuous supply of blood.

大脑需要不断地供血。

近义词：

prep. 关于；属于；…的；由…组成的 concerning，about，as for，with reference to，in relation to

referred v. 归类(谈及,送交,参考,指点,折合)例句与用法:1、The letter was referred back (to us) with a query. 该函已退给（我方）要求对某问题加以解释.2、This incident in his childhood is never again referred to. 他小时候的这件事永远不再提了.3、The cities of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang are often referred to as Wuhan. 武昌、汉口和汉阳常统称武汉。4、English is referred to as a universal language. 英文被称为世界语言。5、The matter was referred to the United Nations. 此事被提交给联合国。6、A sign indicating material referred to in a note or reference. 平行符号一种在备注或参考文字中标明所指内容的符号7、A point considered to be at nominal zero potential and to which all other potentials in the circuit are referred, often, but not always, connected to the actual surface of the earth; as a verb to connect to a ground. Also called earth. 电路中的一个参考点，该点电位作为标称的零电位，其它所有电位均相对于该点而定。经常，但并非总是，将该点直接连接到地。作为动词，指连接到地线上的过程，也称作接地。8、He frequently referred to the notes during the course of the talk. 讲话时他经常参考笔记。英英解释:动词 refer:make reference to 同义词：mention, advert, bring up, cite, name, referhave to do with or be relevant to 同义词：refer, pertain, relate, concern, come to, bear on, touch, touch onthink of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another 同义词：refersend or direct for treatment, information, or a decision 同义词：referseek information from 同义词：consult, refer, look uphave as a meaning 同义词：denote, refer