“友谊之州” ——美国的得克萨斯州 得克萨斯州 (State of Texas) 位于美国中部偏西南。得克萨斯原为科曼奇、基奥瓦、乔克托、奇卡索、库沙塔和阿帕切等印第安人部族的居住地。“得克萨斯”在印第安语中是“友谊”之意,但该地区在16世纪后长达300多年的历史中战乱频仍,曾被西班牙和法国长期占领。1821年后为墨西哥的一部分。1836年,得克萨斯宣布独立;1845年成为美国第28个州,州府奥斯汀(Austin)。得克萨斯州别名“孤星之州” (the lone star state),来源于州旗上只有一颗星。州内约有18000印第安人。奇卡诺人(说西班牙语的墨西哥人后裔)和黑人分别占居民总数的15%和13%。 得克萨斯州面积692402平方公里,占美国总面积的7.5%,是美国内陆面积最大的一个州。绝大部分地势平坦,地面由西北向东南倾斜。有许多大河由西北平行向东南流,注入墨西哥湾。主要大河有北境的雷德河及西南境的格兰德河。州花是矢车菊(Bluebonnet);州鸟是反舌鸟 (Mockingbird);州树是山胡桃 (Pecan)。 得克萨斯州史博物馆的牛模型——得克萨斯州出产的长牛角是得州早年标志性产品 得克萨斯原以农业为主,全州80%的土地是农场和牧场,是美国最大的农业之州,也是美国主要产棉区,棉花产量列美国各州的第一位,稻米、高梁、葡萄、花生和西瓜等农产品的产量也居前列;安哥拉羊毛产量占美国总产量的95%,世界总产量的60%。畜牧业发达,是美国最大的养牛之州。自1901年得州休斯敦地区发现石油后,众多石油公司蜂拥而至,“海湾”、“壳牌”、“德士古”等25个主要石油公司都将总部设在这里,得州逐步成为全国最大的炼油中心,美国的石油化工产品大部分在这里生产。随着石油工业的发展,得州成为化学、电子、飞机和金属等行业的制造中心。 得克萨斯交通发达,达拉斯、休斯敦和圣安东尼奥为得州三大民航中心。始建于1836年的休斯敦是美国南方重要的国际贸易港,吞吐量居全美第三位,目前已跃居全美第四大城市,是闻名遐迩的美国石化中心、宇航中心和医疗中心。约翰逊航天中心(也称休斯敦宇航中心)位于休斯敦东南35公里的克利尔湖畔。位于休斯敦市中心的得克萨斯医疗中心,集教学、科研、医疗为一体,是世界上最大的医学研究治疗中心。 得克萨斯州1992年9月和1993年12月先后与中国云南省和山东省缔结友好关系。 "The friendship between the states" - the United States of Texas Texas (State of Texas) in the USA and Central southwest side. Former Texas Comanche, Kiowa, Choctaw, Chickasaw, the sand and Apache Indian tribes and other places of residence. "Texas" is the Indian word "friendship" means, but in the region in the 16th century after a long history of more than 300 years of frequent wars, Spain and France have been prolonged occupation. Mexico in 1821 after a part of. In 1836, Texas declared independence; In 1845 became the first 28 states, the state capital Austin (Austin). Texas, alias "The Lone Star State" (the lone star state), from the state flag, only one satellite. About 18,000 Indian states. Chicano (Mexican Spanish descent) and the total number of black residents accounted for 15% and 13%. Texas area 692,402 square kilometers, the United States accounted for 7.5% of the total area, is the largest area of a landlocked state. Most however, from the northwest to southeast ground tilt. Many rivers from the Northwest Nanliu parallel east, into the Gulf of Mexico. The main rivers are the Red River throughout North and South West of the Rio Grande River Habitat. Flowers are purple states (Bluebonnet); The state bird is a bird-lingual (Mockingbird); Walnut Hill is the state tree (Pecan). Texas History Museum cattle model - Texas long horn is produced in Texas early signs of products The predominantly agricultural, Texas, the state 80% of the farm land and pastures, is the nation's largest agricultural state, is the major cotton-producing regions of the United States, cotton production in the first one states, rice, sorghum, grapes, watermelons, peanuts and agricultural output also ranks the forefront; Angola wool production in the United States accounted for 95%, 60% of the world's total output. Livestock developed, is the nation's largest cattle in the state. Since 1901, in Houston in the region after the discovery of oil, many oil companies came in, "Gulf", "Shell", "Texaco" and other 25 major oil companies will be headquartered here in the states gradually become the country's largest oil refining center, large petrochemical products part of the production here. With the development of the oil industry, a Texas chemical, electronics, aircraft and metals industries such as manufacturing center. Texas traffic developed, Dallas, Houston and San Antonio in Texas for the three major aviation center. Founded in 1836 in Houston, the United States Southern important international trade port, throughput Habitat third in the nation, the United States has leapt to the fourth largest city, is famous American petrochemical center, space center and the medical center. Johnson Space Center (also known as the Houston Space Center) in Houston Oct. 35 kilometers southeast of Lake. Located in downtown Houston, the Texas Medical Center, teaching, research, health care as one of the world's largest treatment center for biomedical research. Texas, in September 1992 and December 1993 respectively and China's Yunnan Province and Shandong Province concluded friendly relations. 不知道你要多长的文字,自己节选吧!!!