英语六级真题详解

Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因为，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。

【译文】

Chinese idioms are unique expressions in Chinese, mostly composed of four Chinese characters. Despite the extreme conciseness and fixed format, they usually convey/express profound meanings visually. These idioms, largely derived from ancient Chinese literary works, are usually related to certain myths, legends or historical events. It will be difficult to understand/grasp the exact meaning without knowing the source of an idiom. Therefore, learning idioms can help people understand Chinese traditional culture better. Idioms are widely used in daily conversations and literary works. Proper use of idioms can make one’s language more expressive and communication more effective.

1.成语( Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。

题目中给出了成语二字的英语，但是给出的形式是复数，但中文后面又说是“一种”，此时就要注意保持主谓一致;

“由……组成”可以是consist of，也可以是be composed of，此处给出的译文中省略了“which are”，更加简洁;

“汉字”就是“character”，如果仅用Chinese一词，是无法准确表达出四个汉字的意思的。

2.它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。

此处的“高度简练”、“形式固定”可以用形容词词组“highly concise and formally fixed”来翻译，也可以用名词词组“extreme conciseness and fixed format”来翻译，英文中更多用名词来表示;

形象地可以用“vividly/visually”来表示，而“表达”除了最直接的“express”之外，还可以用“convey/deliver”;

“…，但…”可以在后面用but，也可以在前面用despite/in spite of +N。

3成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。

前面已经出现了Chinese idioms，也出现了they，所以这里我们再换一个说法，改写为“These idioms”;

“来源于”有很多同义表达：originate from/stem from/derive from;

“与…有关”是“be related to/be associated with”

4如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。

这句话中，中文省略了主语，如果用if从句，我们应该补充主语，这种情况下一般用one来补充较好，也就是“if one fails to know”，如果不想使用人称代词，也可以译成“without knowing”，后半句用：it is adj.+ to do sth. 来避免人称代词的出现

“出处”也就是“来源”，可以联想到“source”;因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。

“因此”：therefore; hence; consequently; thus

“有助于”最简单的译法就是help，如果想用更高级的词语，可以用到contribute to/ be conducive to/conduce to

“更好地理解”可以用understand的动词 “understand sth. better”，也可以转化为用其名词的译法：“gain a better understanding of sth.”

成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。

“日常会话”译为daily/everyday conversation;而“文学创作”译为“literary works”，想不到works用creation也可以，但是更中式， literature也是可以的;

这个句子中文也是主动句，但是译成英语是要变成被动，成语是“被人们使用的”，也就是“are widely used in”，注意保持主谓一致

恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。

在这个句子中，“恰当使用成句”是主语，这个主语又可以拆分为一句话，但是我们在这里可以直接把使用译为名词，避免了不必要的复杂翻译，也就是“proper use of idioms”;

“语言更具表现力，交流更有效”这两部分是并列的，所以翻译时尽量保持两部分的形式一致，可以稍微做一些转化，“有效”是形容词，“表现力”是名词，所以我们把表现力转化成“有表现力的”，也就是effective和expressive。

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简介：英语四六级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的英语考试，其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为大学英语教学提供测评服务。

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简介：英语四六级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的英语考试，其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为大学英语教学提供测评服务。

看书不能信仰而无思考，要大胆地提出问题，勤于摘录资料，分析资料，找出其中的相互关系，是做学问的一种 方法 ，下面给大家带来一些关于2019六级阅读原文及参考答案，希望对大家有所帮助。

阅读篇一

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage

Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”, and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilization and our species.”

Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.”

While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. “The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge,” he said. “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one – industrialization. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilization.”

Huw Price, the centre’s academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university’s Centre for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems or humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.

AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn’t taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting,” she said, “but it has limitations, which present grace dangers given uncritical use.”

The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.

46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?

A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilization.

B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.

C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.

D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.

46. B. It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.

【定位】根据题干Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence定位到第一段第一句

【解析】“either the best, or the worst thing…”，要么是最好的，要么是最坏的，与选项B对应。选项A不是本文主旨所在。选项C偷换逻辑，文中是说人工智能可能有益也可能有害，不是在说机遇与挑战并存。选项D在原文并未直接提及，也与主旨无关。

47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?

A) It would accelerate the process of AI research.

B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.

C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.

D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.

47. C. It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.

【定位】根据关键词the creation of the LCFI定位到第一段第二句

【解析】“crucial to the future of our civilization and our species” 对我们文明和我们物种的未来至关重要，与选项C对应。本题较为简单，选项A、选项B与选项D均没有在原文中提及，而且 文章 是在说LEFI的重要性。

48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?

A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.

B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.

C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.

D) The increasing awareness of mankind’s past stupidity.

48. A. The shift of research focus from the past to the future.

【定位】根据关键词a welcome change定位到第二段末尾句

【解析】it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence. 人们研究的是智慧的未来，这是一个令人欢迎的变化。根据前文的We spend a great deal of time studying history…is mostly the history of stupidity可知，我们花了很多时间研究愚蠢的历史，可以选出选项A。选项B与选项C在原文没有提及。选项D偏离了重点，题干是在问令人欢迎的变化是什么，对应原文“从研究历史到研究未来的转换”。

49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?

A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.

B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.

C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.

D) Super—intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.

49. D. Super—intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.

【定位】根据题干concerns和Hawking raise about AI定位到原文第三段第一句

【解析】…raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence…：如果人类有自己的意愿创造出一种超级智能，那么人类可能是自身毁灭的建筑师。对应选项D。选项A与选项B没有在原文提及。选项D与选项C的差异在于，选项D是说人工智能毁灭人类，选项C是说人工智能毁灭人工智能自身。这是题目陷阱——原文中的its own destruction，its指代前文的humanity人类。

50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?

A) They are much influenced by the academic community.

B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.

C) They share the same concerns about AI as academic.

D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.

50. C. They share the same concerns about AI as academic.

【定位】根据关键词some entrepreneurs定位到原文最后一段第二句

【解析】most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity. 最著名的企业家埃隆·马斯克，也表达了他们对超级智能人工智能可能对人类造成的损害的担忧。这种担忧正是前文的学术界表达的。所以选项C为正确答案。选项A、选项B与选项D均没有在原文中提及。

阅读篇二：

Question 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups(初创公司)want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communication, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.

That’s what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup’s product, Sentab TV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.

“It’s nothing new, it’s nothing too complicated and it’s natural because lots of people have TV remotes,” says Rodriguez.

But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong( 麻将 ).

Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them something. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,” he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch,” all work better “than going through a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something – there’ll be more honest feedback from them.”

Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale’s 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.

Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her.

“I have the computer and Face Time, which I talk with my family on,” she explains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to do.”

To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic(害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.

But Rodriguez says he’s still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought.”

And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?

51. What does the passage say about the startups?

A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.

B) They want to have a share of the seniors’ goods market.

C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.

D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.

答案：B

【解析】

The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups(初创公司)want in on the action.

原句中说专门为老年人定制产品市场在明年将创300亿美元的营业额，而startups初创公司也want in on the action想要从中分取一杯羹。选项，就是跟The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups(初创公司)want in on the action.的同义替换。

52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to .

A) have an interview with potential customers

B) conduct a survey of retirement communities

C) collect residents’ feedback on their products

D) show senior residents how to use IT products

答案：C

【解析】

So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communication, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.这里的题眼在于hear what the residents have to say，听听居民们对他们的产品怎么看，也就是选项C中的collect residents’ feedback。

53. What do we know about SentabTV?

A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.

B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.

C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.

D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.

答案：D

【解析】

The startup’s product, Sentab TV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.

原文中提到SentabTV帮助不习惯用电脑的老年人，跟选项D中instead of a computer呼应。

54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?

A) Winning trust from prospective customers.

B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.

C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.

D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.

答案：A

【解析】

Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them something. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach,” he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch,” all work better “than going through a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something – there’ll be more honest feedback from them.”

原句中提到了When they get to know me and to trust me，重要在于能得到居民的了解与信任，对应选项A，获得潜在客户的信任。

55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?

A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.

B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.

C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.

D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.

答案：B

【解析】

But Rodriguez says he’s still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: “People are more tech-proficient than we thought.”这句话的最后半句提到，人们比我们想象中精通技术，B选项的quite at ease with指的是人们对高科技产品使用的得心应手，正好为同义替换。

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