全球变暖英文课件

Global warming: Causes, effects, solution and outcome One of the greatest threats faced by the world today is the rising global temperature. There are many factors, which contribute to global warming. However, we can help minimise the increasing temperature by adopting some effective measures.. CJ: Prakash Kini , 1 Apr 2008 Views:7924 Comments:9 THE PROBLEM: Through the use of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases, the earth’s temperature rises in a process known as global warming. The causes: Global warming is caused by the burning of carbon rich fossil fuels, which in its consumption, release carbon dioxide – a green house gas – that when released into the atmosphere builds up and allows the heat that enters the atmosphere to collect, and the earth’s temperature to rise. Other greenhouse gases include methane, nitrous oxide, and sometimes, even water vapour can act as a green house gas. The effects: The effects of global warming are most obviously the warming of the globe, but this can have many unforeseen side effects, such as the melting of some of the earth’s ice stored in it’s poles and it’s glaciers, such as the Greenland Ice Sheet, a rise of three to four degrees Fahrenheit could cause up to 40 per cent of the earth’s costal areas to be enveloped by the rising oceans. The global temperature has risen between 0.45 to 0.6 degrees Celsius and the oceans have risen between 15-20 cm in the last century due to global warming and the industrial revolution. The solution: We can solve this problem by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emissions emitted by our cars and factories, carpooling, using bikes and developing alternative fuel sources could reduce these emissions on the personal level. However, getting the power generating companies and other industries to stop using fossil fuels would take a lot of time and would be hard to do. Many independent and government groups are working to solve this problem. One such governmental effort is the Kyoto Protocol, a plan devised by a group of national governments working in to stop global warming. The outcome: If we ignore these problems, we could have serious ecological problems like the rising of the oceans due to the melting of the ice caps or the disturbance of many fragile ecosystems that rely on a carefully moderated temperature. I hope that this information has provided some insight into the causes, effects and ways to stop global warming.其他参考资料：

Global warming

全球变暖-格陵兰岛冰层变薄

全球变暖是指全球气温升高。近100多年来，全球平均气温经历了冷－暖－冷－暖两次波动，总的看为上升趋势。进入八十年代后，全球气温明显上升。1981～1990年全球平均气温比100年前上升了0.48℃。导致全球变暖的主要原因是人类在近一个世纪以来大量使用矿物燃料（如煤、石油等），排放出大量的CO2等多种温室气体。由于这些温室气体对来自太阳辐射的可见光具有高度的透过性，而对地球反射出来的长波辐射具有高度的吸收性，也就是常说的“温室效应”，导致全球气候变暖。出现全球变暖趋势的具体原因是，人们焚烧化石矿物以生成能量或砍伐森林并将其焚烧时产生的二氧化碳进入了地球的大气层。政府间气候变化问题小组根据气候模型预测，到2100年为止，全球气温估计将上升大约1.4-5.8摄氏度(2.5-10.4华氏度)。根据这一预测，全球气温将出现过去10,000年中从未有过的巨大变化，从而给全球环境带来潜在的重大影响。为了阻止全球变暖趋势，1992年联合国专门制订了《联合国气候变化框架公约》，该公约于同年在巴西城市里约热内卢签署生效。依据该公约，发达国家同意在2000年之前将他们释放到大气层的二氧化碳及其它“温室气体”的排放量降至1990年时的水平。另外，这些每年的二氧化碳合计排放量占到全球二氧化碳总排放量60%的国家还同意将相关技术和信息转让给发展中国家。发达国家转让给发展中国家的这些技术和信息有助于后者积极应对气候变化带来的各种挑战。截止2004年5月，已有189个国家正式批准了上述公约。