1、cheap——cheaper 2、tall——taller 3、short——shorter 4、small——smaller 5、old——older 6、cold——colder 7、cool——cooler 8、new——newer 9、long——longer 10、strong——stronger 11、warm——warmer 12、fast——faster 13、quiet——quieter 14、dark——darker 15、bright——brighter 16、clean——cleaner 17、young——younger 18、weak——weaker 19、thick——thicker 20、quick——quicker easy easier easiest lazy lazier laziest pretty prettier prettiest naughty naughtier naughtiest mealy mealier mealiest early earlier earliest thirsty thirstier thirstiest Dull—duller--dullest Loud-louder--loudest Boring—more boring—most boring Creative—more creative—most creative Warm---warmer--warmest Expensive—more expensive—most expensive high,higher,highest large,larger,largest wet, wetter,wettest busy,busier,busiest delicious,more delicious,most delicious heavy,heavier,heaviest dry,drier,driest 不规则形容词比较等级的形式变化 good-better-best 好的 well-better-best 身体好的 bad-worse-worst 坏的 ill-worse-worst 病的 many-more-most 许多 much-more-most 许多 few-less-least 少数几个 little-less-least 少数一点儿 (little-littler-littlest 小的) far-further-furthest 远(指更进一步,深度。亦可指更远) far-farther-farthest 远(指更远,路程) old-older-oldest 年老的(指年纪) old-elder-eldest 年老的(指兄弟姐妹的排行) 过去式/过去分词 A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音 /e/ lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋 lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放 eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather. She _____ her books on the table. ____ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同 1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕 bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught 2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。 get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told 3. 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat 4. 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined 5. 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood 6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said pay----paid----paid 7. a)动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent build----built----built b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/ d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/ feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept keep---- kept----- kept 其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard find----found----found hang----hung ----hung C.原型与过去分词相同 come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become D. 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同 1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词. begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung 2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词. blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似) 3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类. a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词. drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t ) ride----rode----ridden (双写d ) b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词. speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词. wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en ) d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词 eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden (双写d ) E. 没有过去分词的动词 can ----- could - may---- might - shall---- should- will ---- would - 其它 am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been do-----did----- done draw-----drew----- drawn/ :/ go-----went----- gone show----showed----shown wear--- wore ---- worn 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如: become—became, come—came 2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如: begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank, 3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: get—got,forget—forgot 5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: stand—stood,understand—understood 7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke 9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sell—sold,tell—told 10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: can—could,shall—should,will—would 12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕, mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕, dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕 13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must, put—put,read—read〔red〕,set—set 14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如: dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked 15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell, feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid, hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may— might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke, wear—wore 常用单词中这些是不规则变化,其他基本都是规则变化。