哥特式建筑英文

哥特(Goth)、哥特式（Gothic）：1、哥特人的, 哥特族的（指曾入侵罗马帝国的一支日耳曼民族）2、哥特式建筑的（12至16世纪流行於西欧的建筑风格, 以尖拱﹑ 拱顶﹑ 细长柱等为特点）3、哥特派的, 哥特风格的（18世纪的一种文学风格, 通常描述有神秘或恐怖气氛的爱情故事）4、指字体，哥特字体的5、指颜色，红与黑哥特(Gothic)这个特定的词汇原先的意思是西欧的日耳曼部族。在18世纪到19世纪的建筑文化与书写层面，所谓“哥特复兴”（Gothic Revival）将中古世纪的阴暗情调从历史脉络的墓穴中挖掘出来。

哥特式建筑 Gothic architecture Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the highand late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and wassucceeded by Renaissance architecture. Originating in12th-century France and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture wasknown during the period as Opus Francigenum ("French work")with the term Gothic first appearing during the later part ofthe Renaissance.Its characteristics include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault andthe flying buttress. Gothic architecture is mostfamiliar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churchesof Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universitiesand to a less prominent extent, private dwellings, such as dorms and rooms.Itis in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings thatthe Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lendingthemselves to appeals to the emotions, whether springing from faith or fromcivic pride. A great number of ecclesiastical buildings remain from thisperiod, of which even the smallest are often structures of architecturaldistinction while many of the larger churches are considered priceless works ofart and are listed with UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. For this reason a studyof Gothic architecture is largely a study of cathedrals and churches.Aseries of Gothic revivals began in mid-18th-centuryEngland, spread through 19th-century Europe and continued, largely forecclesiastical and university structures, into the 20th century.

Gothic Architecture Gothic architecture has three distinct characteristics which set it apart from Romanesque; pointed arches, ribbed vault, and flying buttresses. These developments allowed the architects to make the church much larger and brighter. By transferring the weight of the ceilings outward thrust to the flying buttresses, they were now able to place huge stain glass windows in the walls. this allowed the once dim Romanesque Cathedral to be transformed into a very bright and warm feeling Gothic Cathedral. These churches also reflect the wealth and influence of the church in the Middle Ages. Many of these churches and cathedrals took over a century to build图片：