鸟巢英语介绍50词

The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be host to the Opening and Closing ceremonies. In 2002 Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators during the Olympics, but this will be reduced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (422,873,850 USD/ 325,395,593 EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004.In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst reducing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings will continue once again in the beginning of 2005. 北京国家体育馆，也称“鸟巢”，将成为2008年夏季奥运会主要的田径体育场，并在此举办开幕式和闭幕式。它在2002年，由政府官员从来自世界各地的建筑设计比赛作品中选中。普里茨克奖得奖建筑师赫尔佐克＆德莫鸿联合Arupsport以及中国建筑设计研究院共同赢得竞赛。奥运会期间，该体育馆将有多达100,000名观众入座，不过，奥运会之后将减少至80,000。它取代了原计划的广东奥林匹克体育场。该体育场长330米， 宽220米，高69.2米。 25万平方米（总楼面面积）大球场共建有36公里长的拆开包装的钢铁，总重量45,000吨。该体育场将耗资高达35.00亿元（ 422,873,850美元/ 325,395,593欧元）。2003年12月破土动工，2004年3月开始修建，但在2004年8月，由于建筑成本高昂停产，进行设计修改。 在新的设计中，体育馆的屋顶被做了简化。专家指出，这样做会令大球场安全，并且降低施工成本。建造工作将在2005年年初重新启动。

楼主自己选择下,这个是关于鸟巢的英文介绍哦:BeijingNationalStadium(Bird'sNest/OlympicStadium)TheBeijingNationalStadium,alsoknownasthebird'snestwillbethemaintrackandfieldstadiumforthe2008SummerOlympicsandwillbehosttotheOpeningandClosingceremonies.In2002Governmentofficialsengagedarchitectsworldwideinadesigncompetition.PritzkerPrize-winningarchitectsHerzog&deMeuroncollaboratedwithArupSportandChinaArchitectureDesign&ResearchGrouptowinthecompetition.Thestadiumwillseatasmanyas100,000spectatorsduringtheOlympics,butthiswillbereducedto80,000afterthegames.IthasreplacedtheoriginalintendedvenueoftheGuangdongOlympicStadium.Thestadiumis330metreslongby220metreswide,andis69.2metrestall.The250,000squaremetre(grossfloorarea)stadiumistobebuiltwith36kmofunwrappedsteel,withacombinedweightof45,000tonnes.Thestadiumwillcostupto3.5billionyuan(422,873,850USD/325,395,593EUR).ThegroundwasbrokeninDecember2003,andconstructionstartedinMarch2004,butwashaltedbythehighconstructioncostinAugust2004.Inthenewdesign,theroofofthestadiumhadbeenomittedfromthedesign.Expertssaythatthiswillmakethestadiumsafer,whilstreducingconstructioncosts.TheconstructionoftheOlympicbuildingswillcontinueonceagaininthebeginningof2005.IndepthThestadium'sappearanceisoneofsynergy,withnodistinctionmadebetweenthefacadeandthesuperstructure.Thestructuralelementsmutuallysupporteachotherandconvergeintoagrid-likeformation-almostlikeabird'snestwithitsinterwoventwigs.Thespatialeffectofthestadiumisnovelandradical,yetsimpleandofanalmostarchaicimmediacy,thuscreatingauniquehistoricallandmarkfortheOlympicsof2008.Thestadiumwasconceivedasalargecollectivevessel,whichmakesadistinctiveandunmistakableimpressionbothfromadistanceandwhenseenfromupclose.ItmeetsallthefunctionalandtechnicalrequirementsofanOlympicNationalStadium,butwithoutcommunicatingtheinsistentsamenessoftechnocraticarchitecturedominatedbylargespansanddigitalscreens.Visitorswalkthroughthisformationandenterthespaciousambulatorythatrunsfullcirclearoundthestands.Fromthere,onecansurveythecirculationoftheentireareaincludingthestairsthataccessthethreetiersofthestands.Functioninglikeanarcadeoraconcourse,thelobbyisacoveredurbanspacewithrestaurantsandstoresthatinvitevisitorstostrollaround.Justasbirdsstuffthespacesbetweenthewoventwigsoftheirnestswithasoftfiller,thespacesinthestructureofthestadiumwillbefilledwithinflatedETFEcushions.Originally,ontheroof,thecushionsweretobemountedontheoutsideofthestructuretomaketheroofcompletelyweatherproof,buttheroofhasbeenomittedfromthedesignin2004.Whiletherainwastobecollectedforrainwaterrecuperation,thesunlightwastofilterthroughthetranslucentroof,providingthelawnwithessentialultravioletradiation.Onthefacade,theinflatedcushionswillbemountedontheinsideofthestructurewherenecessary,e.g.toprovidewindprotection.Sinceallofthefacilities--restaurants,suites,shopsandrestrooms--areallself-containedunits,itispossibletodolargelywithoutasolid,enclosedfacade.Thisallowsfornaturalventilationofthestadium,whichisthemostimportantaspectofthestadium'ssustainabledesign.Theslidingroofwasanintegralpartofthestadiumstructure.Whenitwastobeclosed,itwouldhaveconvertedthestadiumintoacoveredarena;however,theslidingroofwaseliminatedinanefforttocutcostsandincreaseoverallsafetyoftheradicalnewstructure.BeijingNationalStadiumBird'sNest/OlympicStadiumFacilitystatisticsLocationBeijingBrokegroundDec2003OpenedUnknownClosedN/ADemolishedN/AOwnerSurfaceGrassConstructioncost3.5billionyuanArchitectHerzog&deMeuronArupSportCAGTenantsSeatingcapacity91,000(80,000PostOlympics)