高中英语特殊句式

高中英语重要句式一. 与 as相关的句型(1) A is to B as / what C is to D 固定句式 A对B正如C 对于D一样(2) As…..as a. as + adj./ adv.+ asb. as + adj. + a/an + 单数名词 + asc. 倍数词 + as + adj./adv. + as(3) n./adj./v. + as +主语(s) + v. (析) 由as 引导让步状语从句要倒装,把表语或者动词谓语的一部分等放在as前面.(4) Such…..as (关系代词)……. 定语从句 such / so……that…… 目的和结果状语从句(5) The sme……. As……. (析) 用来表示前后两者的相同或相似,其中as 是关系代词,引导定语从句.(6) …….. as….. 一边…..一边As …… 因为(7) as you know, as is well-known, 众所周知 as you see / think / expect…….as is often the case 这是常有的事 as is stated above 上文(面)所述(8) as far as 远至 as well as 和,以及;除了 as long as 只要as soon as 一……就…. (as soon as possible / one can)(9) as it is as 为 “按照……., 如同……., 像” 等,引导一个状语从句 (在句尾时)原样,照原来样子,照事实; (在句首时) 但事实上.(10)……as if / though…. (析) “好像,仿佛……”, 所引导的从句如果是真实情况,谓语动词用陈述语气;如果是非真实情况,谓语动词要用虚拟语气.二. it 相关的句式(1) it is / was + 强调部分(主语/宾语/状语)+who / that +…(析) 强调句式. 用来强调除了动词谓语之外的其他成分.如果被强调部分表示人,后面可用who/that 来引导,否则只能用that 来引导.(2) it is/has been /was /had been+ 一段时间 + since…… (析) 自从… 有多久了(3) it was /wasn’t /will be /won’t be + 一段时间 + before… (析) 要多久才….., 不要多久就….. 表示某动作从现在起到将来某时刻之前的这一段时间的总和,也可指某一动作从过去某时刻起直到另一个过去时刻之前的若干时间. 而句式 (2) 则表示某一动作或状态从结素时起到现在或另一个过去时间为止的若干时间. 这一动作或状态的结果是以since 从句表示出来的.(4) It is /was the first /second….time that……. (析) 第几次做某事.其中it可以换成that,this等,first,second可以根据句意,用third,fourth等等. It is…..time that caluse 一般用现在完成时.(5) It’s time that sb. did…. (析) 虚拟语气特殊句式.从句常用过去时态.(6)I t’s no use /good /bad /need ….. doing sth. (析) it为形式主语,后面用动名词作其真正的主语. 注意: There is no need to do sth.(7) it is /was necessary /important /strange /desinable /suggested… that sb /sth (shoud) do… (析) 这是虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用. 从句中的谓语动词要用should + v. should 可以省略. 但suggest 作暗示讲, insist作坚决认为讲不用should+ v.(8) it takes sb. Sometime to do……. (9) it’s up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事(10) it occurred to sb. that…… 某人突然想起……(11) it seems that It appears that /it looks like….. /it seems as if …..(12) It’s known to all that ……(As is known to us, ……..)(13) It’s + adj. + for /of sb. to do sth. 这里的it是形式主语,其后的不定式的复合结构for/of sb. to do sth.才是真正的主语.用for是强调后面的不定式的.相当于: to do sth. is + adj. for sb;用of是强调sb.相当于: sb. be + adj. to do sth.(14) see to it that 务必使…..(15) It fell out that … 发生(….事), 结果(是) It follows (from this) that…. 由此得出, 可见三. if虚拟结构式(1) if only……(析) “但愿,要是…..就好了.” 主要用于虚拟语气中,表达愿望或者非真实的条件.表示现在用一般过去时.表过去一般用过去完成时.表示将来用过去将来时.(2) if it had not been for….., If it were not for… (析) 要是没有……(3) if sb. + 过去完成时, sb. + 一般过去时 (析) 主从句如果时间不一致时,则依据具体情况把时态向过去推一步即可.(4) 祈使句 + and/ or +简单句 (析) 这里的祈使句表示条件.用and表示肯定.用or表示否定.有时祈使句部分也可以用一个短语. eg: One more hour and I’ll get the work finished.四. 正忙着….. 突然….be doing …….. when …… be about to do sth. When….. be on/ at the point of ….. when….五. 与“一……就…”相关的句式.The moment/ the minute / the instant / the second….No sooner had ……. Than …. Hardly had …….. when …….……… as soon as / directly / immediately ……. At the sight / thought /sound of…..六. 表“宁愿……..也不愿….”的句式.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth. Prefer doing sth. to doing sth.would rather do sth. than do sth. would do sth. rather than do sth.七. 倒装句式Only + 状语 + (主句倒装) Not only + (句子倒装), but also + (句子不倒装或省略)Not until……. + (主句倒装) Hardly / No sooner + (句子倒装) + when / thanSo + adj. / adv. + 主句倒装 + that At no time / In no case ……..(主句倒装)No / Not / Never / Little / In no way / By no means ……..+ 倒装八. 比较句式(1) The more….. the more …….越是……就越…(2) more …. Than …… (析) 这个句型有两个意思: 一是比较级,意思是 “比…..更.”二是 “与其说….还不如说….” (3) no more …… than ….. 和…. 一样不… (4) not more ….. than… 不比….. 更…(5) 倍数 + as ….. as ….. 倍数 + more than …..倍数 + the size / length /height /depth….. of.. 倍数 + one’s size /length / height(6) Compared with /to (7) gain / get /win /have an advantage over (of)…… 优于, 胜过(8) be ahead of ….. 在….之前, 优于 (9) in preference to九. with + n. / pron. + doing /done /to do/ + 介词短语 / 形容词/ 副词十. (1) have / leave sb. doing /do /have/leave sth. done(2) only to do… (3) be to blame(4) (析) blame 为vt.,但用其不定式作表语或者定语时,一般用主动形式,而不是被动形式 eg: He was not the one to blame.Blamed for the breakthrough of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.(5) sth.+ adj + to do (析) 反射不定式的句式.形容词 easy, hard, heavy, difficult, comfortable…加不定式句型中,不定式一般是主动形式表达被动意义.而这个不定式和前面的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系.注意:这个动词不能再带宾语. eg: The text is very difficult to understand.(6) do nothing but do/have no choice/altertive but to do (7) too ….. to…十一. Whether …. or…. 不管…… 还是…. No matter what / when / where ……. 不管什么/何时/何地等 However ……. 无论… 注意语序问题 Whoever / whomever . eg: I’ll give it to whoever comes first. 十二. 语序:(1) What / where / who do you think / suppose / guess / expect (为插入语) + 陈述语序.(2) Can you tell me what’s the matter with you / what’s wrong with you / what’s the trouble with you ?(语序不变)(3) How + adj. ……..! (4) What + n. ….! (5) Such were/was……十三. 简略回答: (1) Do you mind if I do …….? 表达请求时所用的句式.其回答首先是对mind本身表示肯定或否定,所以,如果答应或允许,可以这样回答: No,go ahead. / Not at all /Of course not ( Certainly not) 等.如果不答应或不允许,可以这样回答: I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed. / I’m sorry you can’t. / I’m afraid you can’t. / you’d better not. 等 (2) I don’t think / believe / suppose / expect / imagin / guess…… (析) “否定转移”句式. 即主语为第一人称.常见如上动词,后接宾语从句时,如果从句为否定句,则要将否定移到主句.其反意疑问句要与从句保持一致.但要注意其肯定或否定形式;如果主语不是第一人称,则要与主句保持一致. eg: I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?(3) I hope / think / believe / suppose / imagine….. soI don’t think / believe / suppose / imagine ……soI hope / think / believe / suppose / imagine …. Not 注意: 可以说 I hope so. I hope not.但不能说: I don't’t hope so. 类似: I’m afraid so. I’m afraid not. (4) I’d like / love to, but….. I wish I had. (5) So it is / was with sb. /sth. 十四. 情态动词 (1) may / might (just) as well do May you succeed! (2) must have done can’t have done needn’t have done shouldn’t have done should have done must be doing 十五. Way 的句式(1) Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand. (P3 SBIIA)……… 科学家竞能够以普通人理解的方式来阐述自己的工作(2) The best way to make sure that we will feel ane look fine is to develop healthy eating habits. (P4 SBIB)(3) Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life(4) Others think that we learn language in the same way we learnother things (P67 SBIII) 我们学习语言正如我们学习其他技能(5) It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by ty the way it cares for its weakest members. (P76 SBIII) 有时侯人们说一个社会的好坏可以从它对待弱势群体的照顾来判断.(6) This is the best way I thought of to slove the problem.还有,这文章不错,你看看:

我的高中老师跟我们说，作文最好是长句和短句结合在一起用，然后多用从句。比如啊，XXXX, which(where, who...) XXXXXX.XXXX that XXXX.Whether(If) XXXX is......强调句:It is ...that...还有再用点独立主格什么的。。。段落之间的关联词也很重要，In addition/ What's more/ Moreover/ After all/ To begin with...太多啦，这些短语虽然简单但是会让考官眼前一亮！Not only...but also...句型也挺好，但是要倒装。There be 句型就不多说啦，最常用的。

强调句型总结老师叮咛：李辉老师说，想要提高作文水平，掌握正确的语法十分关键！下面的一个例句都是历年真题中最常出现的、最值得同学们优先理解的虚拟语气考点！经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真的整理校对，无错、可信！可供全国各省高中生打印、背诵！辉哥说：强烈的欲望和企图心，足以摧毁你面前的一切障碍。有时候不是自己不行，而是自己没有把自己逼到绝路上！一．强调句的类型1. 对谓语动词的强调强调谓语动词时，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”来表示，意为“确实，一定，肯定”。如：Do be careful when crossing the street.The train does move.They did come to see you yesterday，but failed to meet you. 2. It强调句型1） It强调句型的基本形式It强调句型最基本的句式结构为：It be＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子被强调部分是除谓语之外的其他句子成分，可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句；当强调人时，可以用who 或that；强调其他成分，则只能用that。如：It is I who/that am right. （强调主语） 2） 对not...until...结构的强调句型为：It is/ was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。 I didn't realize she was a famous film star until/till she took off her dark glasses.→It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.注意：强调句只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is / was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 3. 强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句（1） 强调句的一般疑问句的基本句型为：Be＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分如：Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English? （2）强调句的特殊疑问句的基本句型为：特殊疑问词＋be＋it＋that/who/whom＋句子其他成分如：What is it that you want me to do?注意：强调句的特殊疑问句用于名词性从句中，要用陈述语序。I have no idea when it was that I lost my wallet. 4. 含有情态动词的强调句的疑问句结构（1） 一般疑问句的基本强调句型为：情态动词或助动词＋it＋be＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分如：Might it be in the office that she left her keys? （2）特殊疑问句的基本强调句型为：特殊疑问词＋情态动词或助动词＋it＋be＋that＋主语＋句子如：Where might it be that the accident happened? 5. 强调句型应注意的问题(1) 谓语动词人称和数的一致性。 在强调句中，如果强调的是句子的主语，其后谓语动词应和被强调部分的人称和数保持一致。如：It is Mary and Tom who often do good deeds. (2) 强调时间、地点、原因、方式状语时，一律用that，不用when，where，why，how。如：It was because he was ill that he was absent. (3) 强调句型的反意疑问句，其问句部分用isn't/wasn't it。如：It was yesterday that he met Li Ping,wasn't it? (4) 当原因状语从句由as，since等引导时，强调原因状语应改as，since为because，即只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句。如：It was because he didn't know much about English that he looked up the word in the dictionary.二.灵活运用1. ---Today Mary is in low spirits.--- Yes, but she won't say bothers her.A. why is it that B. that is whyC. it is what D. what it is that2. ---Who are making so much noise in the garden now?--- the naughty children.A. It is B. They areC. That is D. There are3. It was__ he_ said disappointed me.A. that;what B. what;thatC. that;which D. which;that4. It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task was extremely difficult to complete.A. that B. whenC. which D. what5.Is it he or you in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?A. who is B.that isC. who are D. whom are6. Was it through Mary was working at a high school you got to know Tom?A. who; whom B. that; whichC. who; that D. that; who7. It's not what we do once in a while shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.A. which B. thatC. how D. when8. It is in Canada, where Doctor Bethune was born, the story of the book takes place.A. where B. whenC. that D. which9. It was in the lab was taken charge of by Professor Smith they did the experiment.A. which; that B. that; whereC. that; which D. where; that10. It is only when people live on very limited diet it is necessary to make a special effort to supply the missing vitamins.A. so B. thatC. since D. until11. It is at Christmas thousands of young people go skiing in the mountain.A. how B. whichC. when D. that12. (2016.天津卷) You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.A. who B. whichC. where D. that13. --- I'm sorry. I shouldn't have been shouting at you.--- You your temper but that's all right.A. have lost B. had lost C. were losing D. did lose14. It is what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy.A. what B. thatC. whether D. when15. It was as a result of his carelessness a serious fire broke out during the night.A. when B. thatC. before D. since16. It was not until the entire river was covered with rotten fish which died from acid rain that how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realize B. made the villagers realizeC. the villagers realized D. realized the villagers.Answer1.D[解析]考查宾语从句和强调句型。句意：——今天玛丽情绪低落。——她不会说是的，但不会打扰她。 但她不愿说出困扰她的是什么。此处动词say后面是宾语从句，引导词即起引导作用又做宾语从句的主语，宾语从句应该由what引导;同时此处又是对引导词的强调，it is 强调部分that....故选D2. A[解析] .考查强调句结构。句意：一现在谁在花园里制造这么多噪音？一是淘气的孩子们。答语中只给出了被强调成分，that / who以及其后部分省略了。故选A。3.B[解析]句意：正是他说的话让我很失望。这是一个强调句型，"it is/was that..是 固定搭配，"what he said"是被强调部分，你可以发现去掉"it was that后，句子仍然完整。"what he said做主语，主语从句中"said"缺宾语用what补足，故选B。4.A[解析]考查强调句。句意：直到他看完这些文件，格罗斯先生才意识到完成这项任务极其艰巨。强调句结构为It is/was +被强调部分+that/who +句子其他部分。本题强调状语only after he had read the papers 故选A。5. C[解析]考查强调句和主谓一致。句意：是你还是他负责这个工作都应该准时完成这个工作？这是强调句的一般疑问句，因为是强调的是人，连接词用that 和who都可以，由or连接两个以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致，由此可以排除A和B; whom引导定语从句时在从句中作宾语，所以排除D。故C选项正确。6. C[解析]考查定语从句及强调句。句意：你是不是通过正在高中工作的玛丽认识汤姆的？第－ －空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mary，并在从句中作主语，故用who；第二空用that，与Was it through Mary起构成强调句的一般疑问形式，被强调部分是作方式状语的介词短语：through Mary 故C项正确。7. B[解析]考查强调句。句意：并不是我们偶尔做的事情塑造我们的生活，而是我们坚持做的事情塑造我们的生活。这个句子中含有It's， 首先要考虑它是不是强调句，把It's和空格处去掉，这个句子仍然结构完整，语意清楚，所以这个句子就是强调句，所以填that, 故选B。8. C[解析]考查强调句。句意：在加拿大，白求恩医生出生在那里，书中的故事发生在那里。分析句子结构，可知where Doctor Bethune was born为定语从句修饰Canada。 the story of the book takes place in Canad强调in Canada用It is.. .that...结构。故选C项。9. A[解析].考查限制性定语从句和强调句。句意：就是在由史密斯教授负责的实验室里，他们做的试验。第一个空格处是定语从句，先行词为the lab, 指物，且从句缺主语，故可填which或that。 第二个空格处是强调句，使用的是It was...that句型， 去掉句型句子可还原为they did the experiment in the lab句子成分完整。故第二个空格处填that。故选A。10. B[解析]考查强调句。句意：只有当人们以非常有限的饮食为生时，才有必要做出特别的努力来供应缺少的维生素。分析句子结构可知应为it is 强调时间状语+___ .+ 其他内容，应为强调句结构，因此所填空应为that。故选B项。11. D[解析]考查强调句中的引导词。句意：就是在圣诞节有成千.上万的年轻人去山，上滑雪。强调句型的基本结构是It be+被 强调部分+that （被强调的是人可以用who) +其它，其判断方式是：去掉“it be...that句子完整；本题去掉it is 和空格中的词，句子可以还原为完整的句子“at Christmas thousands of young people go skiing in the mountain故选D。12. D[解析]考查强调句。句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是： It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel 故选D。13. D[解析]考查强调谓语的用法。句意： ——对不起，我不应该冲你大声喊叫。——你确实发脾气了但是没关系。分析句子可知，此处强调谓语lost， 强调谓语时，可以用do,does,did+动词原形。分析句意可知，此事已经过去了，故应用一般过去时。故应用did lose 结合选项，故选D。14. B[解析]考查强调句。句意：让你快乐或不快乐的，不是你拥有什么或你在做什么，而是你在想什么。分析句子结构可知，去掉It is和空格处what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy是完整的句子，故可知此句为强调句，因为被强调的部分是事情，故空处用that，故选B。15. B[解析]考查强调句式。句意：那晚突发大火是他疏忽的结果。通过分析句子成分可知，It s..that..是强调句式，其中as a result of his carelessness 句中作原因状语，主句是a serious fire broke out during the night 符合强调句结构。故选B项。16. C[解析]考查not until的强调句型。句意：直到整条河里都是因酸雨而死的烂鱼，村民们才意识到污染有多严重。此处为not until的强调句型，其基本结构为： it is+被 强调部分+that+其余部分，不需要用倒装语序，故C项正确。

高考复习时，主要的语法项目框架大致是：一、语音和朗读技巧：包括26个字母及其读音、规范书写英语国际音标：48个音标的规范发音（口型、舌位、气流强弱等）常见的发音技巧和读音规则二、词法：英语10种词类，以及各种词类的基本知识、特殊应用等三、句法：简单句：这是所有句法知识的基础并列句：各种功能的连词组成的并列句复合句：包括三种主要类型—— 名词性从句——主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 形容词性从句——定语从句 副词性从句———状语从句 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 比较状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句四、修辞类的语法知识——主要有： 倒 装 强调句式 虚拟语气 省略知识 及插入语五、实用型语法知识： 直接引语变间接引语 主谓一致 九种基本时态（在初中基础上多了【现在完成进行时】） 被动语态—— 各种时态对应的被动语态形式 不用被动语态的习惯表达形式 it 用法 非谓语动词（不定式、过去分词、动词v-ing 形式）其中，后面三大类【三、四、五】都是高中语法主要学习的对象。 祝你开心如意！O(∩_∩)O~~

1 句子结构 2 复合句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语 从句） 3 虚拟语气 4 特殊句式（倒装句、强调句） 5 省略与插入 6 it 用法 7 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）其余的都是初中部分的。供参考。

“非谓语动词"可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel)．二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，1et， make)，四看(see，watCh，notice，observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让"属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit，advise， practise，avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish，risk，imagine,escape,need，delay，stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住，也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习，建议避免冒险，考虑延期逃跑，喜欢保持想象，需要反对忍受"。其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise；advise／suggest， avoid，risk： consider， delay， escape／miss； enjoy／appreciate， keep， imagine； need/want／require,mind． can't help／can’t stand。二、复合句 1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true． (同位语从句) B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here． (定语从句) 关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语， 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语，而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。 2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day． B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten． C、I have lost my pen，which I like very much. D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home． 三、It的用法 1、It除了代替人和物以外，还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days. 然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是：无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good)；工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk. B、It is a waste of time waiting for him． 2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find，feel,think,take,consider，judge, make)。例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject． B、I think it no use arguing with him. 3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语)，可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语) B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语) C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory．(同上) 但要注意与定语从句的区别。 例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory．(定语从句) 在强调句式里，我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去，句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。四、倒装结构 学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之，编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep．)提前全倒装，其它句式部分倒；否定提前倒助动，让步状语倒表语；复合句式倒主句，不倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明： A、Here comes the bus．(副词提前，全倒装) B、Here he comes.(代词作主语，不倒装) C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前，全倒装) D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前，部分倒装) E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句，表语倒装) F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in．(only 修饰状语，主句倒装) G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语．不倒装)H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前，部分倒装) I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语，不倒装)五、虚拟语气 虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would (should,could，might)；表愿望,用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中， 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明： A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟) B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上) C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟） D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟) E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now．(特殊从句虚拟） F、I would rather you gave me the book．(同上) G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主语从句虚拟) H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English． (特殊从句虚拟一、在英文中，名词或名词短语主要充当四种成分，主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 如果我们把句子当作名词来使用，分别在另一个句子中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语(见下表第二列)，于是就构成了四种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为以为这四种从句在本质上相当于名词的作用，所以我们把他们统称为名词从句。请看例句： 二、三种句子来充当四种成分。(3，4) 上面说到名词从句就是用一个完整句子充当另一个句子的某种句子成分便构成了具体某一名词从句。那么可以用什么样的句子来充当四种成分呢？答案是： 三、陈述句可分别充当四种句子成分(名词从句的重点内容)，要在陈述句首加上他that。 对于陈述句，我们要在句首加上that,然后把“that+陈述句”分别放在另一个句子的四种位置即构成四种名词从句。 1。主语从句。“that+陈述句”在主语位置即成主语从句： Stuart is ugly。 That Stuart is ugly is a fact.。 That Malaysians don’t speak good English is obvious。 更常见的是用it式主语置于句首，而将主语从句放在句末。例如： It is a fact that Stuart is ugly。 It is obvious that Malaysians don’t speak good English。 因此下面都是常见的主语从句句型：(￥) ①It is +过去分词 +that 从句(found, believed, reported, thought, noted…) ②It is +形容词 +that 从句(clear, possible, likely, natural, certain, fortunate, necessary, strange…) ③It is +名词(短语) +that 从句(a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, a miracle…) 2. 宾语从句。“that+陈述句”在宾语位置即成宾语从句： I think (that) you turned off the light。 We know (that) women love shopping。 She believed (that) her child was premature。 只有宾语从句中的that才可以省去，其他名从that不省。 3。表语从句。“that+陈述句”在表语位置即成表语从句： My idea is that the students should be more open to each other。 The reason is that he was careless and irresponsible。(考点) 4。同位语从句。“that+陈述句”在同位语位置即成同位语从句： 所谓同位语，就是用来补充说明名词的成分。 The rumor that Tom washed his socks once a month turned out to be untrue。 Our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal。 A saying goes that tomorrow is another day。 四、一般疑问句可分别充当四种句子成分。1、一般疑问句语序变成陈述语序。2、用来whether或if引导。 1。主语从句： does she love dog-walking? Whether she loves dog-walking or not is unknown。 2。宾语从句： I don’t know if/whether whether she loves dog-walking 3。表语从句： My concern is whether you are a student or not。 4。同位语从句： They are faced with the problems whether they should continue to play。 补充：if whether区别 1)if一般用于引导宾语从句，而whether可引导所有名词从句 If he comes or not makes no difference。 The question is if he will arrive。 2)if 不和or not直接连用，一般不说 if or not。但可以说 if … or not 。而whether没有此限制。 I don’t know if or not he arrives。 I don’t know whether or not he arrives。