1 Calibration1校准To define the temperature scales, a set of calibration points is used; for each, the average thermal energy per molecule is well defined through equilibrium conditions existing between solid, liquid, or gaseous states of various pure materials. Thus, for example, a state of equilibrium exists between the solid and liquid phase of a pure substance when the rate of phase change is the same in either direction: liquid to solid, and solid to liquid. Some of the standard calibration points areto define the temperature尺度,set of is used for each校准点;,平均每分子is well defined热能平衡条件之间通过现有的固体,液体,或气体States of various纯材料。因此,for example,a state of平衡存在between the固体和液相of a纯物质相变是when the rate of the same to固体:液体在方向,与固体到液体。标准校准点are some of the1. Oxygen: liquid/gas equilibrium1。氧:液/气平衡2. Water: solid/liquid equilibrium2。水:固/液平衡3. Water: liquid/gas equilibrium3。水:液/气平衡4. Gold: solid/liquid equilibrium4。金:固/液平衡The various temperature scales are defined by the assignment of numerical values of temperatures to the list and additional calibration points. Essentially, the scale differ in two respects: (1) the location of the zero of temperature, and (2) the size of one unit of measure; that is, the average thermal energy per molecule represented by one unit of the scale.the various温度尺度are defined by the assignment of values of温度数值和额外的校准点to the list。本质上,the scale differ in two敬意:(1)The租赁of the零温度,和(2)the size of one unit of that is the measure;平均每分子represented by one热能源股of the scale。The SI definition of the kelvin unit of temperature is in terms of the triple point of water. This is the state at which an equilibrium exists between the liquid, solid, and gaseous state of water maintained in a closed vessel. This system has a temperature of 273.16 K.“如果definition of the开尔文温度单位is in terms of the三点水。This is the State at which年平衡存在之间的液体,固体和气体state of water养护一封闭容器。这个系统有273.16温度。