偏见和敌意英语

偏见 ( prejudice ) 应该来自于 prejudgement ( 预判断 ) 一词，顾名思义就是（在没有实际接触或深入客观了解的前提下）进行预先判断的结果。稍微正式一点的一种定义是：一种先入为主而并非基于理性或亲身经历的观点 ( Preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience ) 。说 A 对 B 有偏见指的是 A 对 B 持有一种先入为主的且往往没有事实依据的观点。比如小明觉得女生没男生聪明，那么小明对女生有偏见。当然，如果你认为 " 女生没男生聪明 " 就像 " 太阳比地球大 " 一样是客观事实，那么你可能就不会认为小明有偏见。所以对于偏见的争论往往就聚焦在不同人对 " 客观事实 " 的认知上。这就跟 " 刻板印象 " 有关系了。歧视 ( discrimination ) 最初是个中性词，意思只是 " 区分对待 "。但现在歧视一般指的是基于偏见等不合理不正当理由的区分对待。如果人们在刻板印象和偏见的影响下，同时往往带着诸如恐惧和敌意等情感，对不同人群进行区分对待，这就是歧视。比如因为 " 女人能力差 " 这样的偏见而不招女人就是一种就业歧视，因为 " 女生逻辑差 " 而劝女生去读文科，对理科班的女生不重视就是一种教育歧视。

考研英语阅读必考态度词汇总

考研英语没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中更准确、自如地运用语法知识。以下是我整理的考研英语阅读必考态度词，希望大家认真阅读!

ambiguous a.模棱两可的

objective a.客观的

negative a.消极的

positive a.积极的

sympathetic a.同情的

certain a.确定的

optimistic a.乐观的

tolerant a.宽容的

scornful a.鄙视的

critical a.批判的

trivial a.微不足道的

supportive a.支持的

indifferent a.冷漠的

wait-and-see a.观望的

skeptical a.怀疑的

questionable a.可疑的;不确定的

uncertain a.不确定的

doubtful a.怀疑的

detached a.冷漠的

enthusiastic a.热情的

approval n.赞同

disagreement n.反对

cautious a.谨慎的

neutral a.中立的

indignant a.愤怒的

depressed a.沮丧的

sarcastic a.讽刺的

bitter a痛苦的

suspicious a.怀疑的

impersonal a.客观的

cynical a.怀疑的;愤世嫉俗的

impartial a.公正的

favorable a.赞同的;有利的`

puzzling a.困惑的

unbiased a.公正的，没有偏见的

gloomy a.阴暗的;沮丧的

hostile a.有敌意的

bias n.偏见

defensive a.保护的，防卫的

contempt n.蔑视

reserved a.保留的

mixed a.喜忧参半的

pessimistic a.悲观的

disinterested a.公正的;

complimentary a.赞美的

disapproval n.反对

humorous a.幽默的

distaste n.厌恶

radical a.激进的

apprehensive a.担心的，焦虑的

consent n./v.同意

mild a.温和的，适度的

scared a.害怕的

panic a.害怕恐慌的

promising a.有前途的，有希望的

rewarding a.有回报的，有报酬的

contemptuous a.蔑视的，轻视的

confused a.迷惑的

介词是很多中国学生不太会使用的一种词性，因为介词非常万能，和不同的词汇搭配会产生不同的意思。更重要的是，介词在雅思口语考试和雅思写作考试中非常重要，尤其是介词词组，这也是雅思的词汇评分标准之一。学为贵老师精选总结了英语中最地道最实用最自然的99个词汇词组，学会后你的英语将more natural, native, and authentic.一. 名词＋介词1. a demand for 需求The company closed down because there wasn't enough demand for its product.2. a need for 需要There's no excuse for behaviour like that. There's no need for it.3. a reason for ...的原因The train was late, but nobody knew the reason for the delay.4. an advantage/disadvantage of ...的优缺点The advantage of living alone is that you can do what you like.5. a cause of ...的原因The cause of the explosion is unknown.6. a picture/a photo/a map/a plan/a drawing of 一张...的照片／地图／计划／绘画Rachel showed me some pictures of her family.I had a map of the town, so I was able to find my way around.7. an increase/ a decrease / a rise / a fall in ...的上升／下降There has been an increase in the number of road accidents recently.Last year was a bad one for the company. There was a big fall in sales.8. an invitation to ...的邀请I got an invitation to the party.9. a solution to ...的解决方案I hope to find a solution to the problem.10. a reaction to 对...的反应I was surprised at her reaction to my suggestion.11. an answer to 对...的答案I was satisfied with her answer to the question.12. an attitude to 对...的态度His attitude to his job is quite positive.13. a relationship with 和...的关系I have a good relationship with my parents.14. a difference between ...之间的区别There are some differences between British and American English.二. 形容词＋介词15. be nice/kind/good/generous/polite/stupid/silly of someone 形容一个人It was very kind of him to help me.16. be nice/kind/good/generous/polite/rude/cruel to someone 对某人...They have always been very nice to me.17. be angry/annoyed/furious/upset about something 对某事生气There's not point in getting angry about things that don't matter.List is upset about not being invited to the party.18. be angry/annoyed/furious/upset with someone for doing something 因为某人的...而生气She was annoyed with me for being late.19. be excited/worried/nervous/happy about 对...感到...(情绪）Are you nervous about the exam?20. be pleased/satisfied/happy/delighted/disappointed with 对收到的东西或某事的结果具有某种情感或态度She was delighted with the present I gave her.I was happy with my exam results.21. be surprised/shocked/amazed/astonished/upset at/by something 为某事感到...Everyone was surprised at/by the news.I hope you weren't shocked at/by what I said.22. be impressed with/by someone/something 佩服I'm very impressed with/by her English.23. be fed up/bored with something 对某事感到无聊I'm fed up with it. /I'm bored with it.24. be tired/sick of 讨厌I'm tired of waiting.25. be sorry about/for 为..感到抱歉I'm sorry for the mess.26. be sorry for 为...感到内疚Alex is sorry for what he said.27. be afraid/frighted/terrified/scared of 对...感到害怕I'm afraid of spiders.28. be fond/proud/ashamed/jealous/envious of 对...感到喜欢／骄傲／羞耻／嫉妒I am so proud of you.29. be suspicious/critical/tolerant of 对...感到怀疑／批判／容忍He didn't trust me. He was suspicious of my motives.30. be aware/conscious of 知道...Did you know he was married? No, I wasn't aware of that.31. be capable/incapable of 有...能力I'm sure you are capable of passing the examination.32. be full of 充满Amy is an active girl who's always full of energy.33. be short of 缺少I'm short of experience.34. be typical of 一贯的He's late again. It's typical of him to keep everybody waiting.35. be certain/sure of/about 确定I think she's arriving this evening, but I'm not sure of that.36. be good/better/ace/brilliant at 擅长She's ace at cooking.37. be married/engaged to someone 和某人结婚／订婚She's married to an American.38. be similar to 和...很相似Your writing is similar to mine.39. be different from/to 和...不同The film was different from what I'd expected.40. be interested in 对...感兴趣I'm interested in art.41. be keen on 喜欢I am keen on hanging out with my friends.42. dependent on 依靠I don't want to be dependent on anybody.43. be crowded with 到处都是The streets were crowded with tourists.44. be famous for 已...而闻名The Italian city of Florence is famous for its art treasures.45. be responsible for 为...而负责I am fully responsible for it.三. 动词＋介词46. talk/speak to someone 和某人说话Who was that man you were talking to?47. listen to 听I have a genuine liking for listening to classical music.48. apologise to someone 对某人道歉They apologised to me for what happened.49. explain something to someone 对某人接受I explained to them why I was worried.50. describe to someone 对某人描述I'm going to describe my experience to you.51. look/gaze/stare/glance at ＋ have a look/take a look at 看I'd like to gaze at stars at night.52. laugh at 笑Every time I sing in public, people will laugh at me.53. shout at 生气对某人喊叫He got very angry and started shouting at me.54. shout to 大声喊叫He shouted to me from the other side of the street.55. throw at 朝...扔东西He threw a stone at the lake.56. throw to 扔东西给某人Lisa shouted 'catch'! and threw the keys to me from the window.57. talk/know/read about 讨论／知道／阅读We talked about a lot of things at the meeting.58. do something about something 想办法改善某种不好的情况If you're worried about the problem, you should do something about it.59. ask for 寻求I sent an email to the company asking them for more information about the job.60. apply for 申请I'm going to apply for the job.61. wait for 等待I'm waiting for the rain to stop.62. search for 寻找I've searched the house for my keys, but I still can't find them.63. leave for 离开去某地I haven't seen her since she left for the office this morning.64. care about 在乎My parents really care about me.65. care for 喜欢I don't care for every hot weather.66. take care of 照顾I find it difficult to take care of houseplants.67. look for 寻找I've lost my keys. Can you help me to look for them?68. look after 照顾/看护You can borrow this book, but you must promise to look after it.69. think about something 考虑／思考I've thought about what you said and I've decided to take your advice.70. think of something 想起It was my idea, I though of it first.71. dream about 梦见I dreamt about you last night.73. dream of 梦想I dream of being rich and famous.74. complain about 投诉We complained to the manager of the restaurant about the food.75. remind someone about 提醒I'm glad you reminded me about the meeting.76. remind someone of 想起This house reminds me of the one I lived in when I was a child.77. consist of 由...组成We had an enormous meal. It consisted of seven courses.78. pay for 支付I didn't have enough money to pay for the meal.79. thank someone for 感谢I really thank you for what you did.80. blame someone for 责备He blamed me for it.81. suffer from 遭受...的痛苦Sometimes, she suffers from insomnia.82. protect someone from 保护Sun block protects the skin form the sun.83. depend on/rely on 依赖Students shouldn't rely too much on their teachers.84. live on 维持生计Michael's salary is low. It isn't enough to live on.85. believe in 相信I believe in saying what I think.86. specialise in 在...专长She specialises in company law.87. succeed in 成功I hope you succeed in finding the job you want.88. bump into 偶遇I bumped into her in a cafe yesterday.89. fill something with 填满Take this saucepan and fill it with water.90. provide someone with 提供The school provides all its students with books.91. prefer one thing to another 偏爱I prefer tea to coffee.92. concentrate on 专注I tried to concentrate on my work, but I kept thinking about other things.93. fix my mind on 专心致志做某事It's a peaceful place where I can fix my mind on reading.94. be appealing to someone 吸引某人Live music is always appealing to me.95. spend on 花时间／钱在...I spend much time on doing exercise in my spare time.96. translate from one language into another 翻译She's a famous writer. Her books have been translated into many languages.97. have a liking for 喜欢I have a liking for English literature.98. keep on 一直做某事I will keep on learning English with 波波老师。99. insist on 坚持I have to insist on practicing my spoken English.详情请戳大连学为贵订阅号（dlguixue）

prejudice~~~在金山词霸看过他们的区别但不记得了只知道傲慢与偏见用的是prejudice

看过简·奥斯汀的《傲慢于偏见》《Pride and Prejudice》就会大致了解它们的区别，个人理解bias重在偏爱，表达喜爱的意思，prejudice的偏见，有对对方存在敌意，伤害的意思。

indifferent1. 不感兴趣的;不关心的;冷淡的[(+to/toward)]I was concentrating so hard that I was indifferent to the noise outside.我思想高度集中,不在乎外面的喧嚷声。2. 不偏不倚的;中立的remain indifferent in a dispute在争端中保持中立3. 不重要的,无关紧要的[(+to)]It's quite indifferent to me whether you go or stay.你去也好,留也好,我无所谓。4. 中等的;一般性的;平庸的[B]I'm an indifferent cook.我烧菜水平有限。5. 不好的,相当差的indifferent health较差的健康状况6. 【化】【物】惰性的;中性的7. 【生】不分化的;随遇的