造纸工艺流程英文

造纸术是中国四大发明之一，发明时期于汉朝西汉时期，改进时期于汉朝东汉时期。中国是世界上最早养蚕织丝的国家。中国古代劳动人民以上等蚕茧抽丝织绸，剩下的恶茧、病茧等则用漂絮法制取丝绵。

漂絮完毕，篾席上会遗留一些残絮。当漂絮的次数多了，篾席上的残絮便积成一层纤维薄片，经晾干之后剥离下来，可用于书写。这种漂絮的副产物数量不多，在古书上称它为赫蹏或方絮。

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, which was invented in Han Dynasty and Western Han Dynasty, and improved in Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty. China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and weave silk. In ancient China, the cocoons of the working people and above were drawn into silk, and the rest of the evil cocoons and sick cocoons were made into silk floss by bleaching.

After bleaching, some residual flocs will be left on the mat. When the number of bleaching flocks is increased, the residual flocs on the grid will accumulate into a fiber sheet, which will be peeled off after being dried and can be used for writing. The number of by-products of this kind of bleaching is small, and it is called Herculum or Square Flour in ancient books.

发展历史

远古以来，中国劳动人民就已经懂得养蚕、缫丝。秦汉之际以次茧作丝绵的手工业十分普及。这种处理次茧的方法称为漂絮法，操作时的基本要点包括，反复捶打，以捣碎蚕衣。这一技术后来发展成为造纸中的打浆。此外，中国古代常用石灰水或草木灰水为丝麻脱胶，这种技术也给造纸中为植物纤维脱胶以启示。纸张就是借助这些技术发展起来的。

历史上关于汉代的造纸技术的文献资料很少，因此难以了解其完整、详细的工艺流程。后人虽有推测，也只能作为参考之用。总体来看，造纸技术环节众多，因此必然有一个发展和演进的过程，绝非一人之功。它是中国劳动人民长期经验的积累和智慧的结晶。

造纸术介绍英文：

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China. It was invented in the Western Han Dynasty and improved in the Eastern Han Dynasty. China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and weave silk.

In particular, Cai Lun's improved papermaking (also known as "Cai Hou paper") in the Eastern Han Dynasty was a revolution in writing materials. It was easy to carry and widely used. It promoted the cultural development of China, Arabia, Europe and even the whole world.

造纸术介绍中文：

造纸术是中国四大发明之一，发明时期于汉朝西汉时期，改进时期于汉朝东汉时期。中国是世界上最早养蚕织丝的国家。尤其是东汉蔡伦改进的造纸术（又称“蔡侯纸”），是书写材料的一次革命，它便于携带，取材广泛不拘泥，推动了中国、阿拉伯、欧洲乃至整个世界的文化发展。

造纸术的影响：

中国丝也传进了印度。最早的记录是在印度的古书中找到的。在印度政治家、哲学家考底利耶(Kautilya)的《政事论》(又译《治国安邦术》) 一书中有cinapatta一字，意思就是“中国的成捆的丝”。

考底利耶据说生于公元前四世纪，是孔雀王朝(古印度摩揭陀国的王朝，建于公元前321年，约公元前187年为巽加王朝所取代)月扩大王的侍臣。这说明，最晚在公元前四世纪，中国丝便已输入印度。

以上内容参考：百度百科—造纸术

促进了历史的发展

PapermakingPapermaking is the process of making paper, a substance which is used ubiquitously today for writing and packaging.In papermaking a dilute suspension of fibers in water is drained through a screen, so that a mat of randomly interwoven fibers is laid down. Water is removed from this mat of fibers by pressing and drying to make paper. Most paper is made from wood pulp, but other fiber sources such as cotton and textiles may be used.