初一英语上册资料

初一英语上册课本内容如下：

一、be动词的用法

be动词有三种变形，分别是：am，is，are。记忆口诀：“我”用am，“你”用are，is用于“他、她、它”；单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。

二、人称及人称代词的不同形式（主格和宾格）

1、三种人称：第一人称（I，we），第二人称（you，you），第三人称（he，she，it，Maria）。

2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I，We，You，You，He，She，It，Maria。

3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me，us，you，you，him，her，it。

4、形容词性物主代词：my，our，your，your，his，her，its，their。

5、名词性物主代词：mine，ours，yours，yours，his，hers，its，theirs。

三、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则

最基本构成：主语＋谓语＋宾语，其中谓语由动词来充当。

主谓一致原则，就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数（简称“三单”）时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式；当主语非“三单”时，谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下：

1、一般动词在词尾加“－s”，如：like-likes，tell-tells，play-plays等；

2、以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加“－es”，如：guess-guesses，teach-teaches，watch-watches等。

3、以o结尾的动词一般加“－es”，如：do-does，go-goes等。

4、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加“－而是”，如：fly-flies，carry-carries等。

5、have的三单形式是has。

四、冠词的用法（名词前面必须要有冠词）

冠词分为定冠词（the)和不定冠词（a，an）两种。

1、定冠词the表示“特指”，可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”。

2、不定冠词a，an用来表明（可数）名词的数量是“一个”。an用于以元音开头（注意不是以元音字母开头）的单词前，a则英语非元音开头的单词前。

3、不定冠词a,an与基数词one的区别是：不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”，而基数词则强调“数量”。

五、初一英语上册知识点look/see/watch

1、look表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。如：Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人／物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。

2、see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：What can you see in the picture?你能在图上看到什么？

3、watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：Yesterday wewatched a footballmatch on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。

初中英语的学习主要以课本为媒介进行，考试检测的内容也主要来源于课本。那么，课本中有些内容值得我们去学习了解?以下是初一英语上册课本内容知识点整理，供大家学习参考。

1、Unit 1 --Unit 2

(1)问候语：

Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.

How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.

Hi! Hello!

How do you do?

(2)道别用语：

Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面，see用于熟人间)

Nice to meet/ see you, too.

Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!

(3)介绍人或者物的句型：This is...

(4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别：

Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意，而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。

(5)词组be from = come from

(6)当问句中问到this/ that时，回答要用it;问到these/ those时，要用they来回答。 例如： What's this in English?----It's an eraser.

What are those?----They are books.

(7)对Thanks.的回答：That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.

(8)look the same = have the same looks

give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.

be like = look like

in the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on，否则用in)

in red(穿着红色的衣服)

in the desk(在空间范围之内)

in English(用英语)

help sb. do sth.

(9)both与all的区别：

both表示"两者都......";all表示"三者及以上都......"。

2、Unit 3--Unit 4

(1)speak的用法

speak与say不同：speak表示"说"的动作，不表示"说"的内容;say则表示"说"的内容。

speak后面除了能接"语言"外，不能直接接东西，后面加了to则表示"对......说"。

help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习)

want to do sth.(想要做某事)

would like to do sth.

not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)

like...a lot = like...very much

(2)some和any的区别：

口诀：some用于肯定句，否定、疑问变any。例如：

I have some money.

I don't have any money.

Do you have any money?

(3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)

(4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)

祈使句一般都省略了主语You，所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如：

Don't go there!

(5)问职业：

What does sb. do?

What is sb.?

What's sb.'s job?

(6)work与job的区别：

work是未必有报酬的"工作"，例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的"工作"。

(7)on指在物体的`表面，不论这个面是否水平的，例如：

on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground

(8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)

look after(照料/照顾/照看)

help oneself(请自便/随便吃)

(9)表示"建议"的句型："做某事如何?"

What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)

How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)

Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?

(10)"吃"一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper

have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper

take one's order

be kind to sb.

(11)try on这个词组可合可分：名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面，但代词只能放在词组的中间。

(12)在口语中往往用take表示"买"。

(13)how many与how much的区别：

how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词

(14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;

How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。

think about(考虑)

Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙，也要礼貌道谢)

Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词，不能单独使用。)

(15)one与it的区别：

当上下文说的是同一种类事物时，任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如：

Ann ：I have a yellow bag.

Jane ：I have a green one.

Tom ： Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?

Mike ： Look, it's over there.

(16)倒装句

Here you are.

Here it is.

(17)be free (有空/免费)

forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)

forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)

What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...?

(18)go + v.-ing结构的含义：为了实现某目的才去的。例如：

go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等

(19)have to do sth.(非主观因素，强调客观因素，"不得不去做某事")

must 则表示主观愿望

(20)fly a kite = fly kites

be free = have time

(21)句型"该干某事了。"：It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth.

例如：该吃午饭了.

It's time to have lunch. = It's time for lunch.

(22)时间的表述

当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时，用"分钟"past"小时"。例如：

8：23--twenty-three past eight

当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时，用"剩余的时间"to"下一个整点"。例如：

8：49--eleven to nine

当然，还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间，例如：

8：23--eight twenty-three; 8:49--eight forty-nine

整点则在数词后加"-o'clock"，例如：8：00--eight o'clock

在钟点前介词要用at。

初一英语上册动词知识点

1、动词的种类(四类)

系动词如be(is am are);情态动词如can 、may、need;助动词( do does);行为动词如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等

2、动词的第三人称单数(与名词的复数一样)

如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)

3、动词的时态(一般现在时)

( 1)含有系动词的

I’m a Chinese boy.

She is twelve.

He is Tim’s brother.

Her mother is an English teacher.

含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，上面句子变成一般疑问句时分别为

Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人称通常变为第二人称)

Is she twelve ?

Is he Tim’s brother ?

Is her mother an English teacher ?

含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为

I’m not a Chinese boy.

She isn’t twelve.

He is not Tim’s btother.

Her mother isn’t an English teacher.

(2)含有情态动词的句子( can ),

She can play basketball.

His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.

含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为

Can she play basketball ?

Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?

含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为

She can not play basketball.

His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs.

(3)含有行为动词的句子

We have many friends.

They watch TV at 7 in the evening.

The students take their books to school.

I have lunch at school.

You have a sister.

1含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为

Do you have many friends ?

Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?

Do the students take their books to school ?

Do you have lunch at school ?

Do you have a sister ?

2含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t.上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为

We don’t have many friends.

They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening.

The students don’t take their books to school.

I don’t have lunch at school.

You don’t have a sister.

3含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如：

She has a red pen.

He has eggs for breakfast.

Her mother buys a skirt for her.

She likes thrillers.

My brother watches TV every evening.

He wants to go to a movie.

含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为：

Does she have a red pen ?

Does he have eggs for breakfast ?

Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?

Does she like thrillers ?

Does your brother watch TV every evening ?

Does he want to go to a movie ?

含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加does’nt ,同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为：

She doesn’t have a red pen.

He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast.

Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her.

She doesn’t like thrillers.

My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening.

He doesn’t want to go to a movie.