英语名言语法分析

标准的英语会对英语学习者产生积极的影响。许多英语学习者都想要说一口地道的英语。我整理了关于解析英语句子语法，欢迎阅读!

It 的用法

<例句>

It was you who had been wrong.

错的是你。

<语法分析>

it 强调句子的主语，可用 who 或 that 引导句子的后面部分。用于强调的 it，可以对句子的某一处成分加以强调。例如可以强调句子的主语、宾语以及状语等。It 的用法有很多，它最基本的用法是作代词，主要代表刚提到的事物以避免重复，也可以代表某些抽象事物或代表一个彼此都知其何所指的东西。有时也可以不指具体的东西，例如天气、环境和时间等。先行词的it 主要作为句子的形式主语，从而使句子变得平稳。

<触类旁通>

(1) It was a great surprise to me when she did a thing like that.

她做这样的事情我大为吃惊。

语法分析：It代表抽象的事物。

(2) Where does it hurt?

哪儿疼?

语法分析：it代表一个彼此都知其何所指的东西。

(3) How fat is it to Beijing?

到北京有多远?

语法分析：it代表距离。

(4) It was she who lent us the money.

是她借钱给我们的。

语法分析：it用于强调句中，强调句子的主语。

(5) It's beyond me to say why.

我无法说个究竟。

语法分析：It作先行词，作句子的形式主语，有平稳句子的作用，句子谓语有这几种：be +形容词或名词，介词短语+不定式，及物动词+宾语+不定式。

<巩固练习>

1. _____ says here there was a big fire in the city.

2. “Why, ____ is you!” she cried.

3. _____ takes two to make a quarrel.

4. Why is _____ that everyone thinks I'm narrow-minded?

5. Was _____ you that broke the window?

6. Does _____ itch much?

<参考答案>

1. It 2. it 3. It 4. it 5. it 6. it

自身代词和相互代词

<例句>

She prided herself on her cooking.

她为自己的烹调技术感到骄傲。

<语法分析>

自身代词在句子中作宾语，此外自身代词还可以作表语、主语等，有时也用作宾语的同位语。在一些成语中也可以用到自身代词。相互代词其实只有两个，即：one another 和 each other，它们可以表示两个人或几个人之间的相互关系，在句子中可以作宾语或介词宾语，也可以和's一起构成定语。

<触类旁通>

(1) Let me introduce myself.

我来介绍我自己。

语法分析：自身代词在句子中主要用作宾语。

(2) Take good care of yourself.

好好保重。

语法分析：自身代词也常用作介词宾语。

(3) The president himself gave her the medal.

校长亲自给她颁发了奖章。

语法分析：用作主语。

(4) He wanted to see Mary herself.

他想见玛丽本人。

语法分析：作宾语的同位语。

(5) We have known each other for many years.

我们相识很多年了。

语法分析：相互代词作宾语。

(6) We don't see much of each other.

我们不常见面。

语法分析：用作介词宾语。

(7) Each tried to do more than the other.

他们争着多干活。

语法分析：有时each other还可以分开。

<巩固练习>

1. One should not praise _____.

2. They called _____ weavers.

3. Please help _____ to some meat.

4. She reproached _____ for her behavior that evening.

5. She didn't pay for _____.

6. Miss Brown was sitting by ______ on a beach.

7. He has a small room to _____.

8. We each know what the _____ thinks.

<参考答案>

1. oneself 2. themselves 3. yourself 4. herself 5. herself 6. herself 7. himself 8. other

疑问代词和连接代词

<例句>

What color are the curtains?

窗帘是什么颜色?

<语法分析>

疑问代词 what 在句子中作定语，此外还可以作主语、宾语或介词宾语等，which 也有这样的用法。此外，what 还可以用作表语。问候 在句子中多作主语或表语，whom 在句子中多作宾语或介词的宾语，在紧跟介词时只能用 whom。whose 可以用作定语、主语、表语或宾语等成分。连接代词与疑问代词同形，可以引导各种从句，在从句中它们可以作主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语和定语等。

<触类旁通>

(1) Who would like to go with me?

谁愿和我一起去?

语法分析：who 在句子中多作主语或表语。

(2) Whom are you writing to?

你在给谁写信呀?

语法分析：whom 在句子中多作宾语或介词的宾语。

(3) To whom did you give the parcel?

你把包裹给谁了?

语法分析：在紧跟介词时只能用 whom，不能用 who.

(4) Whose is better, yours or hers?

谁的比较好，你的还是她的?

语法分析：whose 表示谁的，用作主语。

(5) What is your father?

你父亲是干什么的?

语法分析：what还可以用作表语。

(6) Show me what you have in your hand.

把你手上的东西给我看看。

语法分析：what 引导从句，表示“the thing which...”。

(7) I will give you what help I can.

我将尽量给你帮助。

语法分析：在从句中 what 有时用作定语。

<巩固练习>

1. _____ did you see?

2. _____ do you mean?

3. I asked him _____ came into the room.

4. Do you know _____ that girl's mother is?

5. That is _____ I want to know.

6. Let me know _____ bus you'll be arriving on.

7. I must decide _____ to do with her.

<参考答案>

1. Whom 2. What 3. who 4. what 5. what 6. which 7. what

1.All is not gold that glitters.闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。2.All’s well that ends well.结果好就一切都好。3.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。4.Opportunity&luck always shows appreciationfor those who are bold in struggling.机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。5.It is the peculiarity of knowledge that thosewho really thirst for it always get it.凡真正渴求知识者总能得之，这就是知识的独特之处。6.Those who make most people happy are thehappiest in the world.—Karl Marx能使大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。——卡尔·马克思7.Those whofindfaults with others often losetheir glamour.—Gorky爱找别人阴暗面的人，自己也常常失去魅力。——高尔基8.He conquers twice,who upon victoryovercomes himself.—Francis Bacon在获得胜利之后而能克制自己的人，获得了双重的胜利。——弗朗西斯·培根

一. 词汇 ⑴ 单词 1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示“在……中“， “在……内“。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示“在……上“。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示“在……下“。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示“在……后面“。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示“在……附近“。例如： near the teacher‘s desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示“在……处“。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示“……的“。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It‘s an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who‘s the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where‘s the bag? ------ It‘s on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3.some和any ①在肯定句中用some.例如： There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 ②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？ Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ Never say die。 从不言败。You are never too old to learn。活到老，学到老。Love me love my dog。爱屋及乌。Easier said than done。说时容易做时难。Actions speak louder than words。事实胜于雄辩。Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.有志者，事竟成。Every dog has his day。每个人都有其辉煌的一篇。Every coin has two sides。1. A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。2. A common danger causes common action. 同舟共济。3. A contented mind is a continual / perpetual feast. 知足常乐。4. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。5. A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 客随主便。6. A letter from home is a priceless treasure. 家书抵万金。7. All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归。8. All time is no time when it is past. 机不可失，时不再来。9. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一个苹果，身体健康不求医。10. As heroes think, so thought Bruce. 英雄所见略同。11. A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。12. Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天，山外有山。13. Bad luck often brings good luck. 塞翁失马，安知非福。14. Bread is the stall of life. 面包是生命的支柱。(民以食为天。)15. Business is business. 公事公办。16. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. 笨鸟先飞。17. Courtesy costs nothing. 礼多人不怪。18. Custom makes all things easy. 习惯成自然。19. Desire has no rest. 人的欲望无止境。20. Difficult the first time, easy the second. 一回生，二回熟。21. Do not change horses in mid-stream. 别在河流中间换马。22. Do not have too many irons in the fire. 贪多嚼不烂。23. Do not pull all your eggs in one basket. 别把所有的蛋都放在一个篮子里。(不要孤注一掷。)24. Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。25. East or west, home is the best. 东奔西跑，还是家里好。26. Experience is the best teacher. 实践出真知。27. Fact is stranger than fiction. 事实比虚构更离奇。(大千世界，无奇不有。)28. Faith can move mountains. 信念能移山。(精诚所至，金石为开。)29. First impressions are half the battle. 先入为主。30. Give as good as one gets. 一报还一报。(以德报德，以怨还怨。)31. Give everyone his due. 一视同仁。32. Good wine needs no bush. 酒香不怕巷子深。33. Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达。(忙中常出错。)34. He that promises too much means nothing. 轻诺者寡信。35. He who has an art has everywhere a part. 一招鲜，吃遍天。36. He would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 千里之行始于足下。37. Home is where the heart is. 心在哪里，哪里就是家。38. If you are not inside a house, you don not know about its leaking. 不在屋里，不知漏雨。(亲身经历才有体会。)39. In peace prepare for war. 平时准备战时。(居安思危。)40. It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。41. It six of one and half a dozen of the other. 彼此彼此。42. Just has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。43. Keep something for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪。44. Life is a span. 人生如朝露。45. Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。46. Meet plot with plot. 将计就计。47. Merry meet, merry part. 好聚好散。48. Mind acts upon mind. 心有灵犀一点通。49. Never hit a man when he is down. 不要落井下石。50. Never judge by appearances. 切莫以貌取人。51. No fire without smoke. 无风不起浪。52. Nurture passes nature. 教养胜过天性。53. One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。54. One swallow does not make a summer. 一燕不成夏。(一花独放不是春。)55. One who has seen the ocean thinks nothing of mere rivers. 曾经沧海难为水。56. Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。57. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。58. Poverty is stranger to industry. 勤劳之人不受穷。59. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一日建成的。(伟业非一日之功。)60. Sense comes with age. 老马识途。61. So many men, so many minds. 人心各不同。62. Some thing is learned every time a book is opened. 开卷有益。63. Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。64. The car will find its way round the hill when it gets there. 车到山前必有路。65. The heart is seen in wine. 酒后吐真言。66. The older the wiser. 人老智多。(姜还是老的辣。)67. The worse luck now, the better another time. 风水轮流转。68. Thoughts are free from toll. 思想不用交税。(人人都可以自由思考。)69. Time tries all things. 时间检验一切。70. Use legs and have legs. 经常用腿，健步如飞。71. Virtue never grows old. 美德常青。72. Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。73. What is done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。74. Wine in, truth out. 酒后吐真言。75. You are only young once. 青春只有一次。There isn‘t any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。

这句话简化了就是studing knowledge needs thinking。studing knowledge是主语，need是谓语，again and again是方式状语，修饰thinking.which is a learning method helping me become a scientist 是非限制性定语从句，修饰thinking.定语从句中的helping me become a scientist修饰method

Like man,like dog.爱屋及乌