孔子英文介绍简单

介绍：

孔子（公元前551年9月28日―公元前479年4月11日） ，子姓，  孔氏，名丘，字仲尼，春秋末期鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜）人，祖籍宋国栗邑（今河南夏邑），中国古代思想家、教育家，儒家学派创始人。他开创了私人讲学的风气，倡导仁、义、礼、智、信。

孔子曾带领部分弟子周游列国前后达十三年，晚年修订六经即《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》《易》《春秋》。相传孔子曾问礼于老子，有弟子三千，其中贤人七十二。孔子去世后，其弟子及其再传弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行语录和思想记录下来，整理编成儒家经典《论语》。

Introduction:

Confucius (September 28, 551 BC - April 11, 479 BC), Zi's surname, Confucius, Mingqiu, Zhongni, a member of Luguo Haoyi (now Qufu, Shandong Province) in the late Spring and Autumn Period, was born in Liyi,

Song Dynasty (now Xiayi, Henan Province), an ancient thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism. He initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith.

Confucius led some disciples around the world for thirteen years. In his later years, he revised the Six Classics: Poetry, Book, Ritual, Music, Yi, Spring and Autumn. According to legend,

Confucius once asked etiquette to Lao Tzu, with disciples three thousand, among whom seventy-two were sages. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their reincarnated disciples recorded the words,

deeds and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples and compiled them into the Confucian classic The Analects of Confucius.

扩展资料

人物生平

贵族出身

孔子的祖上是宋国栗邑（今河南夏邑）的贵族  ，先祖是商朝开国君主商汤。周初三监之乱后，为了安抚商朝的贵族及后裔，周公以周成王之命封商纣王的亲兄长微子启 于商丘建立宋国，奉殷商祀。微子启死后，其弟微仲即位，微仲是孔子的十五世祖。六世祖得孔氏，是为孔父嘉。

孔父嘉是宋国大夫，曾为大司马，封地位于宋国栗邑，后来在宫廷内乱中被太宰华督所杀。孔父嘉子木金父，木金父生孔防叔，孔防叔的孙子叔梁纥就是孔子的父亲，叔梁纥为避宋国战乱逃到鲁国的陬邑（今山东曲阜）定居，其官职为陬邑大夫。

圣人降世

叔梁纥的正妻施氏，生了九个女儿却没有一个儿子，小妾为他生了长子孟皮，孟皮有足疾，叔梁纥很不满意。于是叔梁纥请求颜氏让她三个女儿之中的一个立为妾，颜氏念叔梁年老且性情急躁，于是征求三个女儿的意见。长女和次女都不同意，只有小女儿颜徵在愿嫁叔梁纥。

颜徵在时年不满二十岁，而叔梁纥已经六十六岁，年龄相差悬殊，两人为婚于礼不合，夫妻在尼山居住并且怀孕，故谓之“野合”。孔子在鲁襄公二十二年十月 [10]  （儒略历公元前551年；格里历公元前551年9月28日。关于孔子出生年月有两种记载，相差一年，一般依《史记·孔子世家》说。）申时于陬邑昌平乡诞生。

Paul Mauriat's History

Aristocracy

Confucius'ancestors were aristocrats of Liyi in Song Dynasty (Xiayi in Henan Province today). His ancestors were Shang Tang,

the founding monarch of Shang Dynasty.  In order to appease the nobles and descendants of the Shang Dynasty after the three prison rebellions in the early Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou appointed King Zhou Chengwang to confer on Weiziqi, the elder brother of the Shang King,

to establish the Song Dynasty in Shangqiu and worship the Yin Shang Dynasty. After the death of the son, his brother Wei Zhong ascended the throne and Wei Zhong was Confucius's fifteen ancestor.

The sixth generation was born by Kong's father. Confucius Father Jia was a doctor of the Song Dynasty. He was once a master of the Song Dynasty. He was feuded in Liyi of the Song Dynasty.

Later, he was killed by the superintendent Huadu in the court civil strife. Father Confucius Jiazi Mu Jinfu, father Mu Jinfu, was born to Uncle Kong Fang. Uncle Liang Wan, grandson of Uncle Kong Fang,

was the father of Confucius. Uncle Liang Wan fled to Luyi (now Qufu, Shandong Province) to settle down in order to avoid the war of Song Dynasty. His official post was Doctor Wanyi.

The saints descended to the world

Shu Liangwan's wife, Shi Shi, had nine daughters but no son. The concubine gave birth to his eldest son, Mengpi, who had foot disease. Shu Liangwan was very dissatisfied. So Shulianghe asked Yan to let one of her three daughters be a concubine. Yan was very old and impatient,

so he asked for the advice of her three daughters. Both the eldest daughter and the second daughter disagreed. Only the younger daughter, Yan Zheng, was willing to marry uncle Liang.

Yan Zheng was under 20 years old at that time, while Shu Liangwan was 66 years old. There was a great difference in age. They were not married because of the incompatibility of etiquette. The couple lived in Nishan and became pregnant.

Confucius was in October [10] of the 22nd year of Luxiang Gong (551 B.C. in Julian calendar and 28 September 551 B.C.

in Gregorian calendar). There are two kinds of records about Confucius'birth date, one year apart. Generally speaking, according to the History of Confucius, Confucius Family. Shen was born in Pingxiang, Changyi.

参考资料：

百度百科-孔子

One of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher named Confucius (circa 551-479 BC). He sometimes went by the names Kong Zi though he was born - Kong Qiu - styled Zhong Ni. He was born in the village of Zou in the country of Lu. This chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy and he also made many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, and the government. Philosophy is a kind of a system of ideas and thoughts that talk about the human's behavior, the rules that you should follow to make a successful life, and about the government. In other words, it's about thoughts and theories that teach other people lessons about principles, or rules, about life and it also teaches you a moral ( sort of like the morals that are at the end of a fable). Confucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behavior. He also helped the government and the emperor by teaching them lessons on how the emperor should rule his kingdom successfully. Confucius was born in a poor family in the year 551 B.C., and he was born in the state of Lu. His original name was K'ung Ch'iu. His father, commander of a district in Lu, died three years after Confucius was born, leaving the family in poverty; but Confucius nevertheless received a fine education. He was married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters. He worked as a keeper of a market. Then he was a farm worker who took care of parks and farm animals. When he was 20, he worked for the governor of his district.

Confucius (551 B.C—479 B.C.) is one of the most famous Chinese people. As the founder of Confucianism1, his thought has exerted a deep influence on China and its people. But Confucius was not his real name. It was a courtesy title, a Latinized form of “Kong Fuzi”, meaning “Master Kong”. His family name was Kong and his given name, Qiu. And he styled himself Zhongni. He was born at Zouyi, the State of Lu。

Confucius (551 years before the Sept.28 479 BC April 11 ),styled Zhong Ni.

Middle child,the Han people,the Spring and Autumn period of the State of Lu.

Confucius was a great thinker of ancient China and educator,founder of Confucianism,one of the world's most famous cultural figures.

Compilation of China's first chronological history books,"Spring and Autumn." According to the records,Confucius was born in Lu Yi Zou,Changping Town (now southeast of Qufu City,Shandong Province town of Nan Xin Lu Yuen Estate)。

Confucius died ,at age 73, buried in Surabaya on the north of Qufu, which today Konglin location.Words and deeds of Confucius thought the main body of essays contained in the quotations from "The Analects" and the Qin and Han saved under the "Historical Records family of Confucius."

孔丘 （前551年9月28日～前479年4月11日）,字仲尼.排行老二,汉族人,春秋时期鲁国人.孔子是我国古代伟大的思想家和教育家,儒家学派创始人,世界最著名的文化名人之一。

编撰了我国第一部编年体史书《春秋》.据有关记载,孔子出生于鲁国陬邑昌平乡（今山东省曲阜市东南的南辛镇鲁源村）。

孔子逝世时,享年73岁,葬于曲阜城北泗水之上,即今日孔林所在地.孔子的言行思想主要载于语录体散文集《论语》及先秦和秦汉保存下的《史记·孔子世家》。

扩展资料：

孔子的道德思想

孔子建构了完整的“德道”思想体系：在个体层面主张“仁、礼”之德性与德行。德道思想体系是以性善论（“一阴一阳之谓道，继之者善也，成之者性也”）为基础，以立人极为旨归，以人道与天道、地道相会通，人道中庸又适时之变为方法论的完足思想体系。

孔子的仁说，体现了人道精神，孔子的礼说，则体现了礼制精神，即现代意义上的秩序和制度。

人道主义这是人类永恒的主题，对于任何社会，任何时代，任何一个政府都是适用的，而秩序和制度社会则是建立人类文明社会的基本要求。孔子的这种人道主义和秩序精神是中国古代社会政治思想的精华。

孔子晚年时期的最高理想称之为“大同”，在大同的世界里 ，天下的人 ，不止以自己的家人为亲，不止以自己的父母儿女为爱，而是相互敬爱，爱天下所有的人。

使老有所终，壮有所用，孩子们都能获得温暖与关怀，孤独的人与残疾者都有所依靠，男人各自有自己的事情，女人有满意的归宿。天下没有欺诈，没有盗贼，路不拾遗，夜不闭户，人人讲信修睦，选贤举能，大道之行也，天下为公。

参考资料：百度百科-孔子

Confucius was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese thought and life.His philosophy emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. These values gained prominence in China over other doctrines, such as Legalism (法家) or Taoism (道家) during the Han Dynasty.Confucius' thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism (儒家). It was introduced to Europe by the Jesuit Matteo Ricci, who was the first to Latinise the name as "Confucius."His teachings may be found in the Analects of Confucius (论语), a collection of "brief aphoristic fragments", which was compiled many years after his death. Modern historians do not believe that any specific documents can be said to have been written by Confucius, but for nearly 2,000 years he was thought to be the editor or author of all the Five Classics such as the Classic of Rites (editor), and the Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋).

孔子的英语简介是：

1、英语简介：

Confucius, with the surname of Zi, the surname of Kong, the name of Qiu, and the character of Zhongni, is a native of Zuoyi in the state of Lu. His ancestral home is Liyi in the state of song. He is an ancient Chinese thinker, politician and educator, the founder of Confucianism, and "Dacheng supreme sage".

Confucius created the style of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith.

There are three thousand disciples, including seventy-two sages. He led some of his disciples around the world for 14 years and revised the six classics in his later years poetry, book, ceremony, music, changes and spring and Autumn.

After his death, his disciples and his disciples recorded the words, deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled them into the Analects of Confucius. The book is regarded as a Confucian classic.

2、中文翻译：

孔子，子姓，孔氏，名丘，字仲尼，鲁国陬邑人，祖籍宋国栗邑，中国古代思想家、政治家、教育家，儒家学派创始人、“大成至圣先师”。

孔子开创私人讲学之风，倡导仁义礼智信。有弟子三千，其中贤人七十二。曾带领部分弟子周游列国十四年，晚年修订六经（《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》《易》《春秋》）。去世后，其弟子及再传弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行语录和思想记录下来，整理编成《论语》。该书被奉为儒家经典。

成就：

孔子创立了以仁为核心的道德学说，他自己也是一个很善良的人，富有同情心，乐于助人，待人真诚、宽厚。“己所不欲，勿施于人”、“君子成人之美，不成人之恶”、“躬自厚而薄责于人”等等，都是他的做人准则。

“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”这是孔子对自己一生各阶段的总结。