英语虚拟语气句型

一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念虚拟语气的用法一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形1.表示祝愿a. Long live our country.b. May you succeed.c. May you be happy all your life.2.表示命令a. Everybody leave the room.二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句a. What would you do with a million dollars?b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.c. We could have done better with more money.d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.b. She looked as if she were ill.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同a. Even if I were rich, I would work.六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.c. I wish I could help you.d. I wish I were young.②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变a. I wish the prices would come down.b. I wish you would help me.c. I wish he would be more careful.d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式a. I suggested that we should go there at once.b. I demand that he should answer me at once.c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式a. It is time we got up.九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式a. I would rather he came next Saturday.b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.c. I would rather that he painted the house blue

虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反，下面给大家带来一些关于英语虚拟语气的用法归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。

一.什么是虚拟语气

虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。

二.虚拟语气的用法有哪些

一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形

1.表示祝愿

a. Long live our country.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词 短语 、从句等表达出来, 这种 句子 称为含蓄条件句

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式

英语虚拟语气的用法归纳相关 文章 ：

★ 英语虚拟语气的语法归纳

★ 英语语法学习:虚拟语气的基本用法

★ 虚拟语气英语语法知识点汇总

★ 英语语法虚拟语气讲解

★ 虚拟语气的使用要点

★ 高考英语复习知识点:情态动词和虚拟语气及英语作文结尾万能公式

★ 初中英语知识点总结之虚拟语态

★ 高中英语语法:常见虚拟语气

★ 初中英语情态动词的用法归纳

1， 与现在的事实相反：从句用过去式，主句用would/could/might/should/+动词原形。2、与过去的事实相反：主句用would/could/should/might/+have+ done , 从句中过去完成时。3、与将来的事实相反：主句用：should/could/would/might/+动词原形，从句用should do (可能性最大)，过去式(可能性一般)were to do (可能性最小)。

虚拟语气在各类从句中的用法

1，I lifted the chair so that I could be seen 我举起椅子就是为了能被看见 (状语从句)

状语从句中常见连接词：as if 好像，as though 好像，in order that 为了，for fear that 生怕，In case 万一，lest 以防万一。

2、主语从句： It is +形容词 +that+ 主语+(should+动词原形)，should可以省略。

3、宾语从句常见句型： 主语+常见动词+that+ 主语+ should+动词原形。

4、同位语从句：虚拟语气常见词汇：，demand 要求，require 要求，proposal提议，advise 建议，order 命令，suggest建议。