北京鸟巢的英文

bird's nest n. 鸟巢,燕窝 如指北京特定建筑，National Stadium

1.北京奥运国家体育场就是俗称的"鸟巢"

"鸟巢"的英文名称是Nest-type Beijing Olympic Stadium或者Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium)

鸟巢英文单词是bird nest

2."水立方"的英文是water cube Beijing National Aquatics Cente或water cube

“鸟巢”和“水立方”的英文简介

Beijing National Stadium

The Beijing National Stadium (traditional Chinese: 北京国家体育场; simplified Chinese: 北京国家体育场; Hanyu Pinyin: Běijīng Guojiā Tǐyuchǎng; Tongyong Pinyin: Běijīng Guojiā Tǐyuchǎng), also known as the National Stadium,[1] or the "Bird's Nest" (鸟巢) for its architecture, is a stadium under construction on the Olympic Green in Beijing, China that is scheduled for completion in March, 2008[2]. The stadium will host the main track and field competitions for the 2008 Summer Olympics, as well as the opening and closing ceremonies. It is located right next to the Beijing National Aquatics Centre.

Design

In 2002, Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. Contemporary Chinese artist, Ai Weiwei, is the Artistic Consultant for design.[3] The ground was broken on Christmas EveDecember2003, and construction started in March2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August2004 and continued again. In January 2008, concerns about construction working conditions arose when it was revealed that at least 10 workers had died during the stadium's construction.[4] Controversy also surrounded the alleged forced evictions of many residents so the construction could go ahead.

Capacity

The stadium can seat as many as 91,000 spectators during the Olympics. The capacity will then be reduced to 80,000 after the Games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium[citation needed]. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The stadium uses 258,000 square metres of space and has a usable area of 204,000 square metres. It was built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium has some 11,000 square metres of underground rooms with waterproof walls. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billionyuan (≈423 million USD).

Upon completion, this stadium will boast a state of the art Solar PV system produced by Suntech Power[

Beijing National Aquatics Centre

The Beijing National Aquatics Centre, also known as the Water Cube (or abbreviated [H2O]3 [1]), is an aquatics centre that was built alongside Beijing National Stadium in the Olympic Green for the 2008 Summer Olympics. Ground was broken on December 24, 2003.

Design

In 2002, Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. Contemporary Chinese artist, Ai Weiwei, is the Artistic Consultant for design.[3] The ground was broken on Christmas EveDecember2003, and construction started in March2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August2004 and continued again. In January 2008, concerns about construction working conditions arose when it was revealed that at least 10 workers had died during the stadium's construction.[4] Controversy also surrounded the alleged forced evictions of many residents so the construction could go ahead.

Capacity

The stadium can seat as many as 91,000 spectators during the Olympics. The capacity will then be reduced to 80,000 after the Games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium[citation needed]. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The stadium uses 258,000 square metres of space and has a usable area of 204,000 square metres. It was built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium has some 11,000 square metres of underground rooms with waterproof walls. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billionyuan (≈423 million USD).

Upon completion, this stadium will boast a state of the art Solar PV system produced by

Suntech Power[

National Aquatic Center 水立方 Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium)鸟巢

Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium) The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be host to the Opening and Closing ceremonies. In 2002 Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators during the Olympics, but this will be reduced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (422,873,850 USD/ 325,395,593 EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004. In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst reducing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings will continue once again in the beginning of 2005. In depth The stadium's appearance is one of synergy, with no distinction made between the facade and the superstructure. The structural elements mutually support each other and converge into a grid-like formation - almost like a bird's nest with its interwoven twigs. The spatial effect of the stadium is novel and radical, yet simple and of an almost archaic immediacy, thus creating a unique historical landmark for the Olympics of 2008. The stadium was conceived as a large collective vessel, which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression both from a distance and when seen from up close. It meets all the functional and technical requirements of an Olympic National Stadium, but without communicating the insistent sameness of technocratic architecture dominated by large spans and digital screens. Visitors walk through this formation and enter the spacious ambulatory that runs full circle around the stands. From there, one can survey the circulation of the entire area including the stairs that access the three tiers of the stands. Functioning like an arcade or a concourse, the lobby is a covered urban space with restaurants and stores that invite visitors to stroll around. Just as birds stuff the spaces between the woven twigs of their nests with a soft filler, the spaces in the structure of the stadium will be filled with inflated ETFE cushions. Originally, on the roof, the cushions were to be mounted on the outside of the structure to make the roof completely weatherproof, but the roof has been omitted from the design in 2004. While the rain was to be collected for rainwater recuperation, the sunlight was to filter through the translucent roof, providing the lawn with essential ultraviolet radiation. On the facade, the inflated cushions will be mounted on the inside of the structure where necessary, e.g. to provide wind protection. Since all of the facilities -- restaurants, suites, shops and restrooms -- are all self-contained units, it is possible to do largely without a solid, enclosed facade. This allows for natural ventilation of the stadium, which is the most important aspect of the stadium's sustainable design. The sliding roof was an integral part of the stadium structure. When it was to be closed, it would have converted the stadium into a covered arena; however, the sliding roof was eliminated in an effort to cut costs and increase overall safety of the radical new structure.

鸟巢和水立方英语翻译：Bird's Nest and Water Cube。

国家体育场（鸟巢）位于北京奥林匹克公园中心区南部，为2008年北京奥运会的主体育场。工程总占地面积21公顷，场内观众坐席约为91000个。举行了奥运会、残奥会开闭幕式、田径比赛及足球比赛决赛。

奥运会后成为北京市民参与体育活动及享受体育娱乐的大型专业场所，并成为地标性的体育建筑和奥运遗产。

体育场由雅克·赫尔佐格、德梅隆、艾未未以及李兴刚等设计，由北京城建集团负责施工。体育场的形态如同孕育生命的“巢”和摇篮，寄托着人类对未来的希望。设计者们对这个场馆没有做任何多余的处理，把结构暴露在外，因而自然形成了建筑的外观。

2003年12月24日开工建设，2008年3月完工，总造价22.67亿元  。作为国家标志性建筑，2008年奥运会主体育场，国家体育场结构特点十分显著。体育场为特级体育建筑，大型体育场馆。主体结构设计使用年限100年，耐火等级为一级，抗震设防烈度8度，地下工程防水等级1级。

2014年4月中国当代十大建筑评审委员会从中国1000多座地标建筑中，综合年代、规模、艺术性和影响力四项指标，初评出二十个建筑。最终由此产生十大当代建筑。

北京鸟巢——国家体育场为初评入围建筑之一 [2-3]  。作为北京2022年冬奥会冰上项目场馆，国家体育场改造工程将于2020年初开工。

bird's nest n.

bird

英 [bɜːd]  美 [bɜːrd]

名词 n. 鸟；年轻女子，姑娘；人，家伙；飞机，飞船，卫星；供捕猎（或食用）的鸟；羽毛球；<英，非正式>监狱，服刑期（doing bird）；喝倒彩，起哄（give sb. the bird）

【名】 （Bird）（英、西）伯德（人名）

vi. 猎鸟；观察研究野鸟

n. （Bird）人名；（英、西）伯德

近义词：

apple

英 [ˈæpl]  美 [ˈæpl]

n. 苹果

短语

apple inc 苹果公司 ; 美国苹果公司 ; 苹果

鸟巢:Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium) 水立方:National Swimming Center （The water Cube）