babylon英文介绍

BabylonBabylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia (which was sometimes considered an Empire) , the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad. All that remains today of the ancient famed city of Babylon is a mound, or tell, of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in Iraq. Historical resources inform us that Babylon was at first a small town, that had sprung up by the beginning of the third millennium BC (the dawn of the dynasties). The town flourished and attained prominence and political repute with the rise of the first Babylonian dynasty. It was the "holy city" of Babylonia by approximately 2300 BC, and the seat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 612 BC. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The form Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu (bāb-ilû, meaning "Gateway of the god(s)", translating Sumerian Ka.dingir.ra). In the Bible, the name appears as בבל (Babel), interpreted by Book of Genesis 11:9 to mean "confusion" (of languages), from the verb balbal, "to confuse". History/ civilization The earliest source to mention Babylon may be a dated tablet of the reign of Sargon of Akkad (ca. 24th century BC short chronology). The so-called "Weidner Chronicle" states that it was Sargon himself who built Babylon "in front of Akkad" (ABC 19:51). Another chronicle likewise states that Sargon "dug up the dirt of the pit of Babylon, and made a counterpart of Babylon next to Agade". (ABC 20:18-19). Some scholars, including linguist I.J. Gelb, have suggested that the name Babil is an echo of an earlier city name. According to Dr. Ranajit Pal, this city was in the East[1]. Herzfeld wrote about Bawer in Iran, which was allegedly founded by Jamshid; the name Babil could be an echo of Bawer. David Rohl holds that the original Babylon is to be identified with Eridu. The Bible in Genesis 10 indicates that Nimrod was the original founder of Babel (Babylon). Joan Oates claims in her book Babylon that the rendering "Gateway of the gods" is no longer accepted by modern scholars. Over the years, the power and population of Babylon waned. From around the 20th century BC, it was occupied by Amorites, nomadic tribes from the west who were Semitic speakers like the Akkadians, but did not practice agriculture like them, preferring to herd sheep. Old Babylonian period The First Babylonian Dynasty was established by Sumu-abum, but the city-state controlled little surrounding territory until it became the capital of Hammurabi's empire (ca. 18th century BC). From that time onward, the city continued to be the capital of the region known as Babylonia — although during the 440 years of domination by the Kassites (1595–1185 BC), the city was renamed Karanduniash. Hammurabi is also known for codifying the laws of Babylonia into the Code of Hammurabi that was to have a lasting influence on legal thought. The city itself was built upon the Euphrates, and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. Babylon grew in extent and grandeur over time, but gradually became subject to the rule of Assyria. It has been estimated that Babylon was the largest city in the world from ca. 1770 to 1670 BC, and again between ca. 612 and 320 BC. It was perhaps the first city to reach a population above 200,000. Assyrian period During the reign of Sennacherib of Assyria, Babylonia was in a constant state of revolt, led by Mushezib-Marduk, and suppressed only by the complete destruction of the city of Babylon. In 689 BC, its walls, temples and palaces were razed, and the rubble was thrown into the Arakhtu, the sea bordering the earlier Babylon on the south. This act shocked the religious conscience of Mesopotamia; the subsequent murder of Sennacherib was held to be in expiation of it, and his successor Esarhaddon hastened to rebuild the old city, to receive there his crown, and make it his residence during part of the year. On his death, Babylonia was left to be governed by his elder son Shamash-shum-ukin, who eventually headed a revolt in 652 BC against his brother in Nineveh, Assurbanipal. Once again, Babylon was besieged by the Assyrians and starved into surrender. Assurbanipal purified the city and celebrated a "service of reconciliation", but did not venture to "take the hands" of Bel. In the subsequent overthrow of the Assyrian Empire, the Babylonians saw another example of divine vengeance. (Albert Houtum-Schindler, "Babylon," Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th ed.) Babylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia (which was sometimes considered an Empire) , the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad. All that remains today of the ancient famed city of Babylon is a mound, or tell, of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in Iraq. Historical resources inform us that Babylon was at first a small town, that had sprung up by the beginning of the third millennium BC (the dawn of the dynasties). The town flourished and attained prominence and political repute with the rise of the first Babylonian dynasty. It was the "holy city" of Babylonia by approximately 2300 BC, and the seat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 612 BC. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The form Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu (bāb-ilû, meaning "Gateway of the god(s)", translating Sumerian Ka.dingir.ra). In the Bible, the name appears as בבל (Babel), interpreted by Book of Genesis 11:9 to mean "confusion" (of languages), from the verb balbal, "to confuse". History/ civilization(文化) The earliest source to mention Babylon may be a dated tablet of the reign of Sargon of Akkad (ca. 24th century BC short chronology). The so-called "Weidner Chronicle" states that it was Sargon himself who built Babylon "in front of Akkad" (ABC 19:51). Another chronicle likewise states that Sargon "dug up the dirt of the pit of Babylon, and made a counterpart of Babylon next to Agade". (ABC 20:18-19). Some scholars, including linguist I.J. Gelb, have suggested that the name Babil is an echo of an earlier city name. According to Dr. Ranajit Pal, this city was in the East[1]. Herzfeld wrote about Bawer in Iran, which was allegedly founded by Jamshid; the name Babil could be an echo of Bawer. David Rohl holds that the original Babylon is to be identified with Eridu. The Bible in Genesis 10 indicates that Nimrod was the original founder of Babel (Babylon). Joan Oates claims in her book Babylon that the rendering "Gateway of the gods" is no longer accepted by modern scholars. Over the years, the power and population of Babylon waned. From around the 20th century BC, it was occupied by Amorites, nomadic tribes from the west who were Semitic speakers like the Akkadians, but did not practice agriculture like them, preferring to herd sheep. Old Babylonian period The First Babylonian Dynasty was established by Sumu-abum, but the city-state controlled little surrounding territory until it became the capital of Hammurabi's empire (ca. 18th century BC). From that time onward, the city continued to be the capital of the region known as Babylonia — although during the 440 years of domination by the Kassites (1595–1185 BC), the city was renamed Karanduniash. Hammurabi is also known for codifying the laws of Babylonia into the Code of Hammurabi that was to have a lasting influence on legal thought. The city itself was built upon the Euphrates, and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. Babylon grew in extent and grandeur over time, but gradually became subject to the rule of Assyria. It has been estimated that Babylon was the largest city in the world from ca. 1770 to 1670 BC, and again between ca. 612 and 320 BC. It was perhaps the first city to reach a population above 200,000. Assyrian period During the reign of Sennacherib of Assyria, Babylonia was in a constant state of revolt, led by Mushezib-Marduk, and suppressed only by the complete destruction of the city of Babylon. In 689 BC, its walls, temples and palaces were razed, and the rubble was thrown into the Arakhtu, the sea bordering the earlier Babylon on the south. This act shocked the religious conscience of Mesopotamia; the subsequent murder of Sennacherib was held to be in expiation of it, and his successor Esarhaddon hastened to rebuild the old city, to receive there his crown, and make it his residence during part of the year. On his death, Babylonia was left to be governed by his elder son Shamash-shum-ukin, who eventually headed a revolt in 652 BC against his brother in Nineveh, Assurbanipal. Once again, Babylon was besieged by the Assyrians and starved into surrender. Assurbanipal purified the city and celebrated a "service of reconciliation", but did not venture to "take the hands" of Bel. In the subsequent overthrow of the Assyrian Empire, the Babylonians saw another example of divine vengeance. (Albert Houtum-Schindler, "Babylon," Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th ed.)

是巴比伦。使用锲形文字。

约在公元前3000年左右，青铜时代的苏美尔人用泥板通过图画的形式记录账目。渐渐的,这些符号演化为表意符号，至于那些无法描绘的东西则用任意指定的办法来表达。最初，这种文字是图画文字，渐渐地，这种图画文字逐渐发展成苏美尔语的表意文字，把一个或几个符号组合起来，表示一个新的含义。如用“口”表示动作“说”；用代表“眼”和“水”的符号来表示“哭”等等。随着文字的推广和普及，苏美尔人干脆用一个符号表示一个声音，如“箭”和“生命”在苏美尔语中是同一个词，因此就用同一个符号“箭”来表示。后来又加了一些限定性的部首符号，如人名前加一个“倒三角形”，表示是男人的名字。这样，这种文字体系就基本完备了。[5]而且苏美尔人还用它来表示声音，几个表意字合在一起就可以代表一个复杂的词或短语，这就使得许多符号都成为多余。楔形字原来是从上而下直行书写，后来改为从左而右

楔形文字发音1

横行书写，于是全部楔（xiē）形符号转了90°，从直立变成横卧。由于右手执笔，从左而右横写，楔形笔画的粗的一头在左，细的一头（钉尾）在右。苏美尔楔形字有意符和音。经过巴比伦人、亚述人、阿拉米人的使用和改造，成为一种半音节文字。楔形符号共有500种左右，其中有许多具有多重含义，其“准确含义”只能根据上下内容来确定，这就使得楔形文字体系比后来的字母文字体系更难以掌握。尽管如此，在两千年间,楔形文字一直是美索不达米亚唯一的文字体系。到了公元前500年左右，这种文字甚至成了西亚大部分地区通用的商业交往媒介。考古学家发现大批各种楔形文字泥版或铭刻，19世纪以来被陆续译解，从而形成一门研究古史的新学科——亚述学。

希望我能帮助你解疑释惑。

Babylon的中文意思是： 巴比伦

A reference to the Babylonian civilization, admired, imagination first and foremost is "hanging gardens." It is known as one of the seven wonders of the world. Hanging Gardens of Babylon, of course, have never been hung in the air, the origin of the name is simply because people have to replace the original addition to "hanging", there are "outstanding" in the Greek meaning "kremastos" and the Latin "pensilis" Error Translation result. For thousands of years, the "sky garden" has a beautiful legend. Neo-Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II (Nebuchadrezzar II, reigned 605 BC - 562 BC) married the princess m m at the end of Curtis as a queen. Beautiful Princess Keren, won the King's favor. However, over time, Princess sad gradually Health. Nebuchadnezzar I do not know why. Princess said: "My home mountain Emerald, plants profusion. And here is the endless plains of Babylon, and even a small hill can not be found, how I desire to be seen in our hometown and the winding mountain trails ah!" So the Princess got homesickness. As a result, Nebuchadnezzar II, so that craftsmen according to meters at the end of mountain scenery, in his palace, built layer upon layer upon layer of ladder-type garden, above the plants that have grown intensively, and opened up a quiet garden The mountain Road is a murmur of small roadside stream. They are also the central Garden craftsmen built a tower, standing in the air. Nature's intricate garden scene finally won the Princess's favor. As the garden is even higher than the wall, giving the impression like the Imperial Garden hanging in the air, so it is known as "sky gardens", sometimes called "hanging Garden." Year to the city of Babylon to worship, business or tourism for people far away can see the sky tower on the roof of the golden shine in the sun. Therefore, the 2nd century AD, the Greek scholars in the tasting around the world, renowned architecture and sculpture, the sentence "sky gardens" as "Seven Wonders of the World," one of the. Since then, the "sky garden" is famous. Unfortunately, the "sky gardens" and the Babylonian civilization, like the other famous buildings are already being lost in the billowing yellow sand. We must understand that "sky gardens", only by later generations of historical records and modern archaeological excavations. 注：一提到巴比伦文明，令人津津乐道、浮想联翩的首先是“空中花园”。它被誉为世界七大奇迹之一。 巴比伦的空中花园当然从来都不是吊于空中，这个名字的由来纯粹是因为人们把原本除有“吊”之外，还有“突出”之意的希腊文“kremastos”及拉丁文“pensilis”错误翻译所致。 千百年来，关于“空中花园”有一个美丽动人的传说。新巴比伦国王尼布甲尼撒二世(Nebuchadrezzar II, 在位605 BC - 562 BC)娶了米底的公主米梯斯为王后。公主美丽可人，深得国王的宠爱。可是时间一长，公主愁容渐生。尼布甲尼撒不知何故。公主说：“我的家乡山峦叠翠，花草丛生。而这里是一望无际的巴比伦平原，连个小山丘都找不到，我多么渴望能再见到我们家乡的山岭和盘山小道啊！”原来公主得了思乡病。于是，尼布甲尼撒二世令工匠按照米底山区的景色，在他的宫殿里，建造了层层叠叠的阶梯型花园，上面栽满了奇花异草，并在园中开辟了幽静的山间小道，小道旁是潺潺流水。工匠们还在花园中央修建了一座城楼，矗立在空中。巧夺天工的园林景色终于博得公主的欢心。由于花园比宫墙还要高，给人感觉像是整个御花园悬挂在空中，因此被称为“空中花园”，又叫“悬苑”。当年到巴比伦城朝拜、经商或旅游的人们老远就可以看到空中城楼上的金色屋顶在阳光下熠熠生辉。所以，到公元2世纪，希腊学者在品评世界各地著名建筑和雕塑品时，把“空中花园”列为“世界七大奇观”之一。从此以后，“空中花园”更是闻名遐迩。 令人遗憾的是，“空中花园”和巴比伦文明其他的著名建筑一样，早已湮没在滚滚黄沙之中。我们要了解“空中花园”，只能通过后世的历史记载和近代的考古发掘。

英语Babylon怎么翻译，英语Babylon翻译为：巴比伦。