国网职称英语真题

职称英语理工类阅读判断真题

职称英语考试的阅读判断题型，要求考生判断题目所给出的句子。下面是我整理的'理工类阅读判断真题，欢迎欣赏!

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Scientists have long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?

Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.

In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that oxygen levels during the “boring billion” period were only 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t have supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur.

“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level of oxygen,” said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentially prevent the rise of animals.”

The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.

Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen.

Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists. “We were missing the right approach until now,” Planavsky said. “Chromium gave us the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.

In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highly dynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.

“If we are right, our results will really change how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be a game changer.”

“There’s a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that,” Reinhard said.

16. The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoic period.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

17. Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

18. The team was funded by several research institutes.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

19. Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

20. The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

21. The study revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and after the rise of animals.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

22. Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

Children have an increased of attention problems, seen as early as grade school. If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.

Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study, she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs, ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.

The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in U.S. children has ADHD.

Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood. Ohters had high levels. Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.

16. Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20 Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

Children have an increased risk of attention problems，seen as early as grade school , if their moms inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.

Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health. In a new study , she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放) PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查) other sources of PAHs, ones that would have been hard for an individual to avoid.

The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason: Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in these children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whether her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的) mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in 10 U.S. children has ADHD.

Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood. Others had high levels. Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.

16. Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. The blood of each women was tested once a month during pregnancy.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

职称英语考试，主要有以下六种题型。一是词汇选项，是给你一个句子，在句子当中给你找出一个单词划横线，在A、B、C、D四个选项当中，选出划横线的同义的单词。这个可以利用字典来解答这种题型（考试可以查询字典的）。二是阅读理解题，是整个考试卷面当中，相对比较难的题。它虽然不是最难的题但是是占分值最大的题。三是阅读判断题目，阅读判断，不同于阅读理解，除了将文章读完，找到题目对应的答案所在句之外，还需要将这个题目在原文中的句子和题目进行比较，最终得出是正确还是错误。四是完型填空题型，最重要一点，完型填空，你至少应该用15分钟左右时间做完。对于完型填空，我们考生应该怎么样把握。五是概括大意与完成句子，是把一篇文章考两遍。第一遍是考概括大意题，直接到指定段落当中寻找中心主题句的过程。第二是考完型句子，把第一句话的意思补全，要求他在意思上，语法上都与原文一致，而且语法必须要正确。六是补全短文， 给出你大概230到250字的文章，从中拿出五个独立完整的句子，然后给你六个选项，要求考生读完后，顺序按原文章出现的形式，把文章恢复原貌。

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职称英语只有两种吧，一个是正常的职称英语考试，还有一种是中、石油职称英语考试。违纪了的话就不能考各类专业考试，只要需要在人事考试网报名的考试都不能考了