英语语言学学什么

主要课程

英语精读、英语泛读、英语听力、英语语法、英语口语、英语写作、综合英语、高级英语、英语笔译、英语口译、语言学概论、英美文学、英语国家概况。

第二外语

大二下学期开始选修，共上四个学期。可选日语、西语、德语、法语和俄语等小语种。据学校具体情况而定。

英语专业学生主要学习英语语言学、文学，英语国家的历史、政治、经济、外交和社会文化等方面基本理论知识，受到英语听、说、读、写、译的良好的技能训练，掌握一定的科研方法，具有从事翻译、研究、教学、管理工作的业务水平以及较高的综合素质能力。

扩展资料

下属专业

1、翻译

笔译板块课程主要有英汉翻译技巧、汉英翻译技巧、文学翻译、商务笔译、科技翻译、法律翻译、旅游翻译、新闻翻译、计算机辅助翻译等，口译板块课程主要有视听译、随同口译、政务口译、商务口译、同声传译入门等，以及跟翻译能力紧密相关的其他专业选修课。

2、商务英语

主要学习基础英语、高级英语、英语听力、英语口语、英语写作、翻译理论与实践、英美文学史及选读、西方经济学、国际贸易、国际商务、市场营销等课程。学生毕业后授予文学学士学位。

参考资料来源：百度百科-英语专业

报考ACCA条件：教育部认可的高等院校在校生，顺利完成了大一全年的所有课程考试，即可报名成为ACCA的正式学员。报名参加ACCA考试，要具备以下条件之一：1）凡具有教育部承认的大专以上学历，即可报名成为ACCA的正式学员；2）教育部认可的高等院校在校生，顺利完成了大一全年的所有课程考试，即可报名成为ACCA的正式学员；3）未符合1、2项报名资格的申请者，可以先申请参加FIA资格考试，通过FFA、FMA和FAB三门课程后，可以申请转入ACCA并且豁免F1-F3三门课程的考试，直接进入ACCA技能课程阶段的考试。申请FIA资格考试的学员，可以不满足以上1、2项条件，并且没有相关的年龄限制。 值得注意的是：1、ACCA为全英文考试，答题模式也是需要用英文来作答，因此需要有一定英语基础的，但对英语要求也不会太高，一般能过大学4,6级英语考试相信看懂并考ACCA试没有问题的，且13门课程的设置是循序渐进的，一般人难就难在英语，而你是英语专业，不存在这个问题2、你可以辅修会计专业，去学习一些会计的基础知识对你考ACCA肯定有很好的帮助。 3、自学难度比较大，但不是完全不可能。 急速通关计划 ACCA全球私播课 大学生雇主直通车计划 周末面授班 寒暑假冲刺班 其他课程

英语语言文学专业培养专业功底扎实、专业技能熟练、知识结构完善、国际视野宏阔、具有良好人文修养和深厚人文情怀、具有较强思辨力、领导力和创新力的通用型国际化高端英语人才。培养学生具有坚定正确的政治方向、良好的品德修养、健康的心理素质。英语语言文学专业培养厚基础、宽口径的英语实用型人才，熟练掌握听、说、读、写、译等实践技能，深刻了解英语语言、文学以及英语国家历史、社会、文化、政治、经济等知识，并具有扎实的实践能力和比较广博的人文社会科学文化知识和初步的科学研究能力。同时，在第二外语和计算机方面具有一定的应用能力。专业必修课程：基础英语综合课、高级英语综合课、基础英语语法、英语泛读、英语视听说(I、II)、高级英语视听说、英语口语、英语口译（I、II）、英美概况、翻译理论与实践、语言学、学术论文写作、高级英语写作、英国文学史、美国文学史、英语教学法、美国思想经典作品导读等。

语言学是对语言的系统研究,对于一个学习英语的人来说,应该懂一点语言学的知识,它可以在理论上对学习语言有指导作用,有助于更好的学习语言,下面介绍一点语言学知识. I. Introduction 1. What is Language Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. 2. What is Linguistics(语言学) Linguistics is the scientific study of language. 3.Some Basic Distinctions(区分) in Linguistics 3.1 Speech and Writing One general principle(原则) of linguistic analysis is the primacy of speech over writing. Writing gives language new scope(范畴) and uses that speech does not have. 3.2 Descriptive(描述性) or Prescriptive(说明性) A linguistic study is descriptive if it describes and analyses facts observed; it is prescriptive if it tries to lay down rules for "correct" behavior. 3.3 Synchronic(共时) and Diachronic(历时) Studies The description of a language at some point in time is a synchronic study and The description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study. 3.4 Langue(语言) and Parole(言语) This is a distinction made by the Swiss linguist F.De Saussure (索绪尔）early last century. langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community and parole refers to the actualized(实际的) language, or realization of langue. 3.5 Competence(能力)and Performance(行为) Competence is the ideal language user's knowledge of the rules of his language. Performance is the actual realization of this knowledge in utterances(发声). 4.The Scope of Linguistics General linguistics is the study of language as a whole. Phonetics(语音学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription. Phonology(音韵学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of languages. Morphology(词法) is the branch of linguistics which studies the form of words. Syntax(句法) is the branch of linguistics which studies the rules governing the combination of words into sentences. Semantics(语义学) is the branch of linguistics which studies the meaning of language. Applied linguistics(应用语言学) is the study of the teaching of foreign and second languages. Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society. Psycholinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and the mind. Historical Linguistics(历史语言学) is the study of language changes. Anthropological linguistics(人文语言学) uses the theories and methods of anthropology to study language variation and language use in relation to the cultural patterns and beliefs of man. Neurolinguistics(神经语言学) studies the neurological basis of language development and use in human beings. Mathematical linguistics(数学语言学) studies the mathematical features of language, often employing models and concepts of mathematics. Computational linguistics(计算语言学) is an approach to linguistics in which mathematical techniques and concepts(概念) are applied, often with the aid of a computer. II. Phonetics(语音学） 1. scope of phonetics Speech sounds may be studied from different angles, thus we have at least three branches of phonetics: Articulatory phonetics(发音语音学）we may examine the way in which a speech sound is produced to discover which vocal organs are involved and how they coordinate(协调） in the process. Auditory phonetics （听觉语音学）we may look into the impression a speaker makes on the hearer as mediated(调节） by the ear, the auditory nerve(神经） and the brain. Acoustic phonetics (声学语音学） we study the physical properties of speech sounds, as transmitted（传送） between mouth and ear. 2. The vocal organs The vocal organs may be viewed as consisting of three parts, the initiator of the air-stream,(气流发生器官） the producer of voice（声音发生器官） and the resonating cavities.（声音共振器官） 3. Consonants(辅音） Places of articulation(发音部位）: bilabial,(双唇） Labiodentals,（唇齿） dental,（齿） alveolar,（齿龈） retroflex,（卷舌） palate-alveolar,（上齿龈） palatal,（上颚） velar,（软腭） uvular,（小舌） glottal(声门） Manners of articulation: plosive,（暴破） nasal,（鼻音） trill,（颤音） lateral,（边音） fricative,（摩擦） approximant,（近似音） affricate（破擦） 4. Vowels (元音） The classification of vowels: the height of tongue raising (high, mid, low), the position of the highest part of the tongue(front, central, back), and the degree of lip rounding(rounded, unrounded) III. Phonology（音韵学） 1. phonemes(音素）：a distinctive(有区别的） sound in a language. 2. Allophones(音位变体）：The nondistinctive sounds are members of the same phoneme. 3. Minimal pairs(最小对立体）： word forms which differ from each other only by one sound. 4. Free variation (自由变异）：If two sounds occurring in the same environment(环境）, they does not produce a different word form, but merely a different pronunciation of the same word. 5. Complementary distribution(补充分类）：Not all the speech sounds occur in the same environment. When two sounds never occur in the same environment 6.Suprasegmental phonology(超音段音位）：the study of phonological properties(性质） of units lager than the segment-phoneme. They are syllable(音节）, stress,（重音） word stress, sentence stress. pitch （音调）and intonation（语调）. IV. Morphology（词法） 1. inflection(构形法）：the grammatical relationships through the addition of inflectional affixes.(屈折词缀） 2. Word-formation(构词）：the processes(过程） of word variations signaling lexical relationships.（表明词法关系） They are compound(合成）and derivation (派生）. 3. Morpheme(词素）： the smallest unit in terms of relationship between expression and content. 4. Allomorph(同质异象变体）： some morphemes have considerable variation, for instance, alternate shapes or phonetic forms. 5. Types of morphemes: They are roots,(词根） affix（词缀） and stem（词干）. 6. Lexicon(语言词汇）：in its most general sense, is synonymous with vocabulary. 7. Closed-class words(封闭性） and open-class words(开放性）：the former whose membership is fixed or limited and the latter whose membership is in principle(实际上） indefinite or unlimited. 8. Word class(词性）：It displays a wider range of more precisely defined classes. 9. Lexeme(词位）：the smallest unit in the meaning system of a language that can be distinguished from other smaller units. 10. Idiom(习语,成语）：Most phrasal lexemes are idioms. It is especially true for a sequence of words(词序） which is semantically（语义上） and often syntactically(句法上） restricted.（限制） 11. Collocation(搭配）： the habitual(习惯的） co-occurrences （同时出现）of individual lexical items. V. Syntax (句法） 1. Positional relation or word order（词序）：the sequential(顺序） arrangement of words in a language. 2. Construction or constituent (句子结构）： the overall process of internal (内部）organization of a grammatical unit . 3. Syntactic function(句法功能）： the relationship between a linguistic form and other parts of the linguistic pattern in which it is used. The names of functions are expressed in terms of subjects, objects, predicates, modifiers,(修饰语） complements（补语）, etc. 4. Category(范畴）：It refers to classes and functions in its narrow sense, e.g. noun, verb, subject, predicate, noun phrase, verb phrase, etc. The categories of the noun include number, gender, case and countability. 5. Phrase: a single element of structure containing more than one word, and lacking the subject-predicate structure typical of clause. 6. Clause: a group of words with its own subject and predicate, if it is included in a larger sentence. 7. Sentence: It is the minimum part of language that expresses a complete thought. VI. Semantics 1. Conceptualism or mentalism (概念主义）：Following F. De Saussure(索学尔）'s "sign" theory, the linguistic sign is said to consist of a signifier （所指）and signified（被指）, i.e., a sound image and a concept, liked by a psychological（心理的） "associative" bond.（相关联系） 2. Mechanism(机械主义）：Some linguists, Bloomfield,(布鲁费尔德） for example, turned to science to counter（反）-act the precious theories and this leads to what call the mechanistic approach（方法）. The nature of this theory has nothing to do with the scientific study of mental phenomena.（智力现象） 3. Contextualism （语境主义）：It is based on the presumption(假定） that one can derive meaning from or reduce it to observable context. 4. Behaviorism (行为主义）：Behaviourists attempt to define (定义）the meaning of a language form as "the situation(情景） in which the speaker utters（说话） it and the response（反应） it calls forth in the hearer." 5. functionalism (功能主义）：Functionalists as represented (代表）by the Prague school（布拉格学派） linguists and neo-Firthian （新弗斯）linguists, approach the problem from an entirely new orientation（方法）. They argue（争辩） that meaning could only be interpreted（解释） from its use or function in social life. 6. Sense relationships: While reference deals with the relationship between the linguistic elements, words, sentences, etc.,and the non-linguistic world of experience, sense relates to the complex system of relationships that hold between the linguistic elements themselves. They include synonymy(同义词）,antonymy(反义词）,hyponymy(下层次）Polysemy(一词多义）and Homonymy (同音异义词） 7. Semantic analysis: It includes 1) componential（成分） analysis which defines the meaning of a lexical element in terms of semantic components.(意义成分）2) predication (表述）analysis in which the meaning of a sentence is not merely the sum of the meanings of the words which compose it. 3) relational components in which the semantic analysis of some words presents a complicated picture, because they show relations between two and perhaps more terms. VII. Language Variation (语言变化） 1. Lexical change(词汇的变化）：changes in lexis. 2. Invention: (新造词）new entities. 3. Compounding:(合成词）New words are sometimes constructed by combining two old words. 4. Blending: (混合词）：It is a relatively complex form of compounding, in which two roots are blended by joining the initial part of the first root and the final part of the second root, or by joining the initial parts of the two roots. 5. Abbreviation or clipping:(缩写）A new word is created by cutting the final part or cutting the initial part. 6. acronym:(取首字母的缩写词）It is made up from the first letters of the name of an organization, which has a heavily modified (修饰） headword. 7. Metanalysis:(再分化）It refers to a process through which a division is made where there were note before. 8. Back-formation:(逆构词） It refers to an abnormal(非正常） type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting(去掉） an imagined affix from a longer form already present in the language. 9. Analogical creation:(类比造词）It can account for（说明） the co-existence of two forms, regular and irregular, in the conjugation(结合） of some English verbs. 10. Borrowing（借用）：English in its development has managed to widen her vocabulary by borrowing words from other languages. 11. Phonological change(音变）：It is related to language variation in the phonological system of language. It includes loss,(省音） addition,（加音） assimilation,（ 同化）dissimilation.（异化） 12. Grammatical change: Changes in both morphology（词法） and syntax（句法） are listed under this heading. 13. Semantic change:(语义变化）It includes broadening,（语义扩大） narrowing,（语义缩小） meaning shift,（意义转化） class shift（词性转换） and folk etymology.（词源变化） 14. Orthographic change ：(正字法）Changes can also be found at the graphetic level.