大象英文介绍50字

elephant这个字，意思是大象。大象是现存世界上最大的陆栖哺乳动物。大象是群居性动物，以家族为单位，非洲象由雌象做首领，每天活动的时间，行动路线，觅食地点，栖息场所等均听雌象指挥。亚洲象则相反，是成年雄象承担保卫家庭安全的责任。有时几个象群聚集起来，结成上百只大象。大象的皮层很厚，可有效防止蚊虫叮咬。象牙是防御敌人的重要武器。它们主要外部特征为柔韧而肌肉发达的长鼻和扇大的耳朵，具缠卷的功能，是象自卫和取食的有力工具。亚洲象肩高2.0～3.7米，体重2～7.5吨，非洲象肩高3.0～4.0米，体重3～8吨，非洲森林象平均肩高不超过2.6米，体重2-4吨。象头大，耳大如扇，四肢粗大如圆柱以支持巨大身体，膝关节不能自由屈伸，鼻长几乎与体长相等，呈圆筒状，伸屈自如；象鼻全部是由肌肉组成的，鼻孔开口在末端，鼻尖有指状突起，能拣拾物品，象鼻非常灵活自如，可以捡拾重达1吨的物体，也可以捡拾花生那样小的食物。中南亚的象属或者非洲的非洲象属中的一种，皮肤坚厚，无毛，长有一条长的柔韧的可以卷曲的鼻子，上颚二门齿发展为长而弯的象牙。非洲象属有巨大的扇形状的耳朵。上颌具1对发达门齿，终生生长，非洲象门齿可长达3.3米，亚洲象雌性长牙不外露；上、下颌每侧均具6个颊齿，自前向后依次生长，具高齿冠，结构复杂。每足5趾，但第1.第5趾发育不全。被毛稀疏，体色浅灰褐色。雄象睾丸隐于腹腔内；雌象前腿后有2个乳头，妊娠期长达 600多天（22个月），一般单胎。非洲象，体型较大，耳大，鼻末端有2个指状突起；亚洲象体形较小，体重较轻，耳小，鼻末端有1个指状突起。大象或象是目前世界陆地上最大的哺乳动物，属于长鼻目，只有一科两属三种，即象科（学名：Elephantidae），非洲象属和象属，非洲象有两种：普通非洲象（也叫热带草原象或灌木象）和非洲森林象，象属只有亚洲象一种（也叫印度象）。非洲象长鼻末端有2个指状突起，亚洲象仅具1个；非洲象耳大，体型较大，亚洲象耳小，身体较小，体重较轻。长鼻目哺乳纲的1目，通称象，是世界最大的陆栖动物，主要外部特征为柔韧而肌肉发达的长鼻,具缠卷的功能，是象自卫和取食的有力工具。本目仅有象科1科共2属3种，即亚洲象和非洲象和非洲森林象。长鼻目曾有6科，在中古时期最为繁盛，其中5科由于气候变化和环境恶化以及人类捕杀已灭绝，现仅余象科1科2属3种动物。本目动物特征一如其名，鼻子长，鼻端生有指状突，能捡拾细小物品。 象科包括2属3种动物，即亚洲象、非洲象和非洲森林象。象是现存最大的陆生哺乳动物，它的嗅觉和听觉发达，视觉较差。长鼻起着胳膊和手指的作用，能摄取水与食物送入口中。巨大的耳廓不仅帮助谛听，也有散热功能。雄性(非洲象雌雄均有)的长獠牙是特化的上颌门齿。亚洲象前肢5指，后肢4趾，非洲象前肢3趾。非洲象是现存最大的陆生哺乳动物，它的体长6～7.5米尾长1～1.3米，肩高3.0～4.0米，体重10000公斤。最高纪录为一只雄性，体全长10.67米（包括鼻子和尾巴），前足围1.8米，体重10000公斤。最大的象牙纪录为长350厘米，重约107千克。已灭绝的北非非洲草原象相对小的多，只有2.4～2.6米高，重约4吨，体型于非洲森林象相仿。非洲成年象确实强悍，研究表明非洲象有两种：非洲草原象和非洲森林象。常见的非洲草原象是世界上最大的陆生哺乳动物，耳朵大且下部尖，不论雌雄都有长而弯的象牙，性情极其暴躁，会主动攻击其他动物。非洲象一般性情暴躁，没有被真正驯化过的纪录，因此很少作为家畜来饲养和使用。非洲森林象耳朵圆，个体较小，一般不超过2.5米高，前足5趾，后足4趾（和亚洲象相同），象牙质地更硬。根据基因分析证明它和非洲草原象不是同一个种类。非洲草原象和非洲森林象有着明显不同的遗传特征，其外表特征也有很大的差别：森林象体形较小，耳圆，象牙较直且呈粉红色。过去在非洲雨林中还发现过体形更小的倭象，被认为是非洲森林象的未成熟个体。足下肉变大，更适应缺水的生活，非常知道节约用水，而且会在沙漠中寻找水源。非洲森林象生活在非洲的丛林低地。非洲森林象大约2.4～2.8米高（7.9～9.2英尺），2500～3500公斤重。它们的象牙是笔直地向下生长，而耳朵则呈椭圆形。猛犸是鞑靼语“地下居住者”的意思。它身高体壮，有粗壮的腿，脚生四趾，头特别大，在其嘴部长出一对弯曲的大门牙。一头成熟的真猛犸(猛犸有很多种,一般熟知的长长毛的叫真猛犸)，体高约3.1米，门齿长1.5米左右，体重可达5吨。它身上披着黑色的细密长毛，皮很厚，具有极厚的脂肪层，厚度可达9厘米。从猛犸的身体结构来看，它具有极强的御寒能力。 与现代象不同，它们并非生活在热带或亚热带，而是生活在北方严寒气候的一种古哺乳动物。大小近似现代的象，但头骨比现代的象短而高。体被棕褐色长毛。无下门齿，上门齿很长，向上、向外卷曲。臼齿由许多齿板组成，齿板排列紧密，约有30片，板与板之间是发达的白垩质层。曾生存于亚、欧大陆北部及北美洲北部更新世晚期的寒冷地区。苏联西伯利亚北部及北美的阿拉斯加半岛的冻土层中，都曾发现带有皮肉的完整个体，胃中仍保存有当地生长的冻土带的植物。我国东北、山东长岛、内蒙古、宁夏等地区也曾发现过猛犸的化石。科学家认为，地球上的猛犸是死于突如其来的冰期，使得死亡后的尸体即遭冻结，故未来得及腐烂。又由于千百年来在地穴中受到冰雪的保护掩埋，故能完整地被保存下来。在阿拉斯加和西伯利亚的冻土和冰层里，曾不止一次发现这种动物冷冻的尸体。元音字母e在重读闭音节里发短元音/ɛ/的音，发音时，舌端靠近下齿，舌前部抬高，舌位适中，不接触上颚，没有摩擦，牙床介于半合半开之间，唇形扁平，这个音一般出现在字首、字中位置，但很少出现在字尾的位置。如：egg 鸡蛋well 井red 红的pen 钢笔hen 母鸡bed 床bell 铃铛希望我能帮助你解疑释惑。

Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Traditionally, two species are recognised, the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), although some evidence suggests that African bush elephants and African forest elephants are separate species (L. africana and L. cyclotis respectively). Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae are the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; other, now extinct, families of the order include mammoths and mastodons. Male African elephants are the largest surviving terrestrial animals and can reach a height of 4 m (13 ft) and weigh 7,000 kg (15,000 lb). All elephants have several distinctive features the most notable of which is a long trunk or proboscis, used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water and grasping objects. Their incisors grow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs.Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts and marshes. They prefer to stay near water. They are considered to be keystone species due to their impact on their environments. Other animals tend to keep their distance, and predators such as lions, tigers, hyenas and wild dogs usually target only the young elephants (or "calves"). Females ("cows") tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring. The groups are led by an individual known as the matriarch, often the oldest cow. Elephants have a fission-fusion society in which multiple family groups come together to socialise. Males ("bulls") leave their family groups when they reach puberty, and may live alone or with other males. Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate and enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as musth, which helps them gain dominance and reproductive success. Calves are the centre of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years. Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell and sound; elephants use infrasound, and seismic communication over long distances. Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to have self-awareness and show empathy for dying or dead individuals of their kind.African elephants are listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), while the Asian elephant is classed as endangered. One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is the ivory trade, as the animals are poached for their ivory tusks. Other threats to wild elephants include habitat destruction and conflicts with local people. Elephants are used as working animals in Asia. In the past they were used in war; today, they are often put on display in zoos and circuses. Elephants are highly recognisable and have been featured in art, folklore, religion, literature and popular culture.