用英语造宾语从句

宾语从句，是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。本文整理了宾语从句用法，欢迎阅读。

一、宾语从句的连接词：

1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.

2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents.

2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

二、宾语从句的语序：

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳)

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √)

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” à She said she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. à I asked him where the tickets are.

三、宾语从句的时态呼应：

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

eg. I thought (that) you are free today. (╳)

I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √)

【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。

eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.

四、其他需要说明的问题：

1、标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。

eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall.Can you tell me which bus I should take?

2、要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。

五、宾语从句和状语从句的区分：

eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.

2) I don’t know if the train has arrived.

句1中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。

判断方法：

1、可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2、从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether， 词义为“是否”，充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当……的时候”。

3、从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：

—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？

—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。

—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。

—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。

对于宾语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。

典型例题：Please tell me ______ last year.

A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work

C .where your sister works D where your sister worked

解析：本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A和 B;last year 表示过去时 ，所以排除 C 。

答案：D

误区提醒

宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 ，但要注意当疑问词为主语时，句式为：疑问词+谓语+其他 ，问句和陈述句语序一样。

典型例题：I didn't know ?

A. What wrong was with her B.what was wrong with her

C .what wrong is with her D.what is wrong with her

解析：主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态，所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中，what作主语，所以问句本身又是陈述句语序，不用变化。

答案： B

以上就是我整理的宾语从句用法，感谢阅读。

1.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. 2.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. 3.We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的. 4.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. 5. know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. 6.Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? 你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.

He wants to know who the girl is.He wants to know where the girl lives.He wants to know when the girl comes.He wants to know what the name of the girl is.He wants to know which bike to choose.He wants to know why the girl leaves.He wants to know whether/if the girl likes him.He wants to know how to please the girl. 呵呵，上面的是疑问句，我这全是肯定句。貌似里面的内容还都是类似的。

一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序.谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句.有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句. 二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which 副词：when ,where, how, why 等. （一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）可跟that从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, declare, report等. 例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示. 例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中that不能省略当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省. 例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省. 例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省. 例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died. 注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示. 例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中that不能省略当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省. 例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省. 例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省. 例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语. 例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time. （二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的.意思是“是否”.宾语从句要用陈述句语序.一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的. 例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. 只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句在带to的不定式前 例句：We decided whether to walk there. 在介词的后面 例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.在动词后面的宾语从句时 例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week直接与or not连用时 例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果” 例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny. if引导否定概念的宾语从句时 例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时 例句：He talks as if he has known all about it. （三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序.用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等. 英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语. 例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for? 英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分. 例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分.例句如下： I don’t know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?Can you imagine what kind of man he is? 四.宾语从句的时态主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态. 例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式. 例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态. 例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 五.宾语从句的特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略.whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句,但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语.如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.