外贸英语索赔信函

外贸英语函电写作技巧

外贸英语函电是指在对外贸易交往过程中，凭以交换信息的英语信函、电报、电传、传真及电子邮件等。下面是我分享的外贸英语函电写作技巧，欢迎大家阅读！

一、外贸英语函电的特点

1.语言规范化。随着对外贸易的日益频繁，外贸函电的语言越来越规范化，不仅要求用词、造句、语法、拼写和标点符号规范且合乎习惯，而且用于约束各种商务活动的法律、法规和惯例的使用，也更为明确。

2.内容简明化。外贸函电要写得生动、具体和明确，特别是要求对方作出明确反映的信函，或是答复对方提出的要求和问题的信函，或是报盘、承诺，都要写得清清楚楚、明明白白，毫无艰涩难懂之处，使收信人看后不会误解写信人所要表达的意思，用尽可能少的文字完整、清楚地表达需要表明的意思。

3.态度礼貌化。写信要有理有节，注意礼貌，不要盛气凌人，避免命令和粗鲁。做到不卑不亢、得体脱俗，既尊重国际贸易的习惯，又维护本国利益，同时还要体谅对方，要顾及对方的要求、愿望和感情等，着重正面地、肯定地谈问题，尽量避免否定地谈问题。

4.格式“习惯”化。外贸在长期的发展中，逐步形成了许多约定俗成的国际惯例。外贸函电以其独特的格式、惯用的商务词汇、丰富的贸易术语、固定的句式和缩写形成了独特的函电文体，具有强烈的商业色彩。其生命力在于与实际商务活动联系在一起，其语言形式、语言规范等都必须为具体的业务服务，用词用语约定俗成，符合国际惯例，为世界各国商务人员所公认与接受。

二、外贸英语函电的写作技巧

众所周知，写好外贸英语函电必须遵循4项原则，即4个C：简洁（conciseness）、明确（clarity）、准确（correctness）、得体（courtesy）。这也是和外贸函电的特点相吻合的，具体来讲：

1.把握简洁原则。在国际贸易竞争愈加激烈的当今世界，简洁在外贸函电写作中显得尤为重要，要用尽量少的词来表达完整的意思，同时内容要完整、准确，语气礼貌。

（1）适当使用缩略语。在长期的发展中，外贸行业逐步形成了许多既定的专业缩略语，准确使用缩略语可减少信件的篇幅，节省读者的阅读时间。如：

A.国际经济贸易组织缩略语。如：WTO（世界贸易组织），EEC（欧洲经济共同体），等等。

B.常用外贸英语缩略语。如：A/S（见票后或见票），F.O.B（离岸价），a/c（帐户），等等。

C.常用信函缩略语。如：Re（regard关于），Enc（随附），等等。

（2）句子结构应该简洁，用单词替换词组和定语从句。如：①We require furniture which is of the new type.②We require new type furniture.②句讲究简洁，①句显得烦冗累赘。

（3）内容简明化，也就是说英语函电的内容应简洁明了。函电的主题应当开门见山地提出，无需罗列一些繁琐的客套，让人感觉转弯抹角。例如，给国外客户去函抱怨货物短量，这时可首先直截了当地告诉对方写此信的目的，然后列举重要事实、数字证明，最后在信中阐明你希望收信人为你做些什么。

2.把握准确的原则。在经贸易往来中，交易各方处于不同的国家和地区，由于语言文化的差异，极易产生误解，而根据国际贸易惯例和法规，交易双方往来的函电是交易的一部分，具有法律上的效力，因此要行文严谨，措辞准确无误。书写外贸函电，在词汇选择上，要遵循选择词义相对单一的词来替代词义灵活丰富的词这一原则。如：用tariff而不是tax，initiate而不是start，acquaint而不是be familiar，constitute而不是include等。

3.得体的原则。外贸英语函电是一种以国际商务为目的的书面语言交际工具，除了词汇、语法上需准确无误外，还要注意表达恰当、得体。

（1）重视文化背景。在跨文化的实际商务活动中，由于各国的政治、经济环境及传统习俗的不同，人们的商业价值观、消费心理、经营习惯有很大的差异，不同国家、不同民族、不同地区间的商务交往，涉及到不同的文化心理和风俗习惯。这些细节在书写外贸英语函电中要加以注意。

（2）注意写作的对象。写外贸信函时，除了注意对方的.文化背景外，还要留意对方是潜在客户、新客户还是老客户，根据环境、对象，选用最恰当的言语体式，以营造和谐的言语氛围，取得最佳的交际效果。

4.礼貌原则。明智的外贸函电写作者会尊敬贸易伙伴，会从对方的角度看问题，理解对方的困难。在尊敬对方感情和利益的同时，获得对方的好感，促进交易的成功。即使双方在贸易中产生分歧，甚至提出索赔，在外贸函电中也要有礼貌，为今后合作打下基础。

（1）尽量少用否定句。否定往往产生消极的后果。在面对面的商务谈判中，尚有解释余地。但在写信时，我们就必须逐字逐句，认真对待。因此，我们在写信过程中，要尽量使语气积极肯定，避免消极否定。如，Your letter is not clear at all.I can’t understand it.应避免使用“I can’t understand.”这样的否定语气，因为“不了解”有责怪对方表达不清的含意，最好改成：“If I understand your letter correctly…”此句既为对方保全了面子，又借机表明了己方观点，一举两得。

（2）使用祈使句和疑问句表达礼貌的语气。写信人在表达自己的观点或向对方提建议时，常有三种选择：即陈述句、带please的祈使句和疑问句。其中，陈述句过于直白、生硬而不宜使用，带please的祈使句语气比较礼貌。疑问句的语气最客气、委婉，并给对方留有余地。因此，在语气的使用上尽量使对方感受到尊重，这样才能赢得对方的尊重，营造良好的交际氛围。

综上所述，我们在书写外贸英语函电时，一定要把握好外贸函电的特点规律，遵循外贸英语函电的写作原则，只有这样，我们才能书写出完美的外贸英语函电，从而促进交易的顺利进行。

1.We have to ask for compensation of ￡6,000 to cover the loss incurred as result of the inferior quality of the goods. 我们不得不就货物劣质产生的损失索赔6,000美金 2.We are compelled to claim on you to compensate us for the loss, $20,000, which we have sustained by the disqualified goods. 我们被迫向你索赔20,000美金，其与不合格品价值相等 3.We are willing to accept the shipment only if you allow a 30% reduction in price. 只有你方降价20%，我们才愿接近这批货 4.We hope you will settle this claim as soon as possible. 我们希望你方尽早解决索赔 5.Claims for shortage must be made within 30 days after arrival of the goods. 短货索赔须在货到30日内执行 6.Kindly remit us the amount of claim at an early date. 请早日将索赔款汇给我们 7.On examination, we have found that many of the sewing machines are severely damaged. 检查时，我们发现许多缝纫机严重受损 8.Please dispatch, within one week, the replacement of another five refrigerators with a price reduction of thirty percent of the total value of the five refrigerators. 请一周内发货，更换另外5台冰箱并就五台总金额降价30% 9.We should be obliged if you would forward us a replacement for the machine as soon as possible. 若你方尽可能地更换机器，我们将不胜感激 10.We insist that you should send perfect goods to replace the defective goods. 我们坚持你方发来优质产品来更换次品

下面是我整理的 商务英语 信函之索赔理由及依据汇总，以供大家学习参考。

(一)

1.The landed goods were quite different from what expected.

到岸的货物和我们所期望的货物不太相同。

2. We find …… so we have to ask you to indemnify us for a loss of ￡6,000.

我们发现…..，因此我方不得不向贵方索赔6000英镑的损失。

3. This consignment is not up to the standard stipulated in the contract. We are now lodging a claim against you for ￡2,000.

这批货物的质量低于合同里规定的标准，我们现在向贵方提出索赔我方2000英镑。

4. The quality of you shipment for our order is not in conformity with the specifications, we must therefore lodge a claim against you for the amount of ￡280,000.

贵方所运输的我方订购的货物质量与规格不太符，我方必须向你方提出索赔，赔偿我方280000英镑。

5. Case NO 16 was found to be 3 packages short.

第16号箱中少了3包货物。

6. We are now lodging a claim against you for the shortweight of fertilizer.

我方现向贵方索赔，赔偿我方的化肥短缺。

7. We have to ask for compensation of the loss incurred as a result of the interior quality of the goods concerned.

我方不得不向贵方提出索赔，赔偿我方因劣质货物而造成的损失。

8. Our customers complain that the goods are much inferior in quality to the samples.

我方客户抱怨说与样品相比货物的质量要差得多。

9. The quality of the goods you shipped last week is much interior to that of the goods of our last order.

你方上周发运的货物质量与我方上次所订的货物质量相比要低劣得多。

10. The inspection reveals that both the quantity and quality of the wheat delivered are not in conformity with those stipulated in the contract, though the packing is all in good condition.

尽管包装完好，但检验表明，这批小麦的数量与质量都不符合合同规定。

11. It was found by the inspection that there is a difference of 40 Kg between the actual landed weight and the invoiced weight.

商检发现货物的实际到岸重量与发票重量之间差了40kg。

12. Closer inspection by the health officers showed that the canned fruit were considered unfit for human consumption.

经卫生检疫所官员仔细检查认为，罐头水果不宜供人们食用。

13. The loss was due to the use of substandard bags for which you should be responsible.

该损失是由于包装不合标准所致，所以应由贵公司负责这一损失。

14. The survey report can certify that the weight shortage was caused by improper packing.

这份检验 报告 可以证实，货物的短重是由于包装不良所致。

15. On inspection, we found that about 50 bags are broken and it is estimated that 240Kg of cement had been lost.

验货时，我方发现将近有50包破损，估计损失240KG水泥。

16. We regret to inform you that eight of the cases of your consignment arrived in a badly damaged condition.

非常遗憾地通知你们，你方运出的货物抵达后，有8箱严重破损。

17. We have examined the contents and find that 92 pieces are missing and the rest unfit for use.

经货物检验，我方发现少了92件，其余的也无法使用。

18. On the basis of clause 15 of the contract, we place our claims before you as follows.

根据合同第15款，我方向贵方索赔如下。

19. We have to put in a claim against you for all the losses sustained.

对于所遭受的一切损失，我们不得不向你方提出索赔。

20. The dried mushroom you sent us are far below the standard stipulated in the contract.

贵方运送来的干蘑菇远远低于合同所规定的标准。

21. We require you to replace the damaged goods and grant us a special discount of five percent to compensate for the loss.

我方要求你方更换损坏的，并希望能给5%5 特殊折扣以补偿我方的损失。

22. According to the contract, you are responsible to compensate us for the loss we have suffered.

按照合同规定，你方应负责赔偿我方所遭受的损失。

23. We have the right to claim against you for compensation of all losses.

我方有权向贵方提出赔偿我方的所有损失。

24. The products we received last Monday didn’t agree with the samples and feel that you should make it up.

我方上星期一收到的货物与样品不符，我方认为你们应该对此作出赔偿。

25. We regret to inform you that we are compelled to return the disqualified goods at your expense.

我们很遗憾地通知贵方，我们不得不退回贵方发的不合格货品，运费由贵方承担。

(二)

1. All of the shirts are of a smaller size. I wonder if you made a mistake when sending the goods.

所有的衬衫都小一号，我怀疑你们发货时是不是出错了。

2. There are too many defective items in this shipment.

这批货里次品太多了。

3. The goods we ordered on February 12 have arrived in a damaged condition.

我方2月12日订购的货物抵达的时候已经遭损。

4. A number of cases are broken and the contents are badly damaged.

有好几个箱子是坏的，里面的商品也遭到了严重的损坏。

5. The package are insufficient and the contents leak out considerably.

包装不足，大量的东西漏了出来。

6. We wish to inform you that five of the cars we bought from you have been seriously out of order within 50Km driving distance.

我方想要通知贵方，向你方购买的其中辆小车在行驶了不到50KM就出了严重故障。

7. The leather shoes you sent us last Friday are not the right size. They should be size 42.

贵方上星期五发的皮革鞋子尺码不对，它们应该是42码的。

8. The quality of the goods you sent us last week is too poor to suit the requirements of this market.

你方上周发送的货物的质量实在太差，而根本就无法达到市场的要求。

9. The quality of your shipment for your order No. 346 is far from the agreed specifications.

你方发送的我方第346号订单项下的货物质量与我方认可的规格不符。

10. Nearly 20% of the bales were broken and the contents badly soiled.

将近20%的包都破了，包内的货物严重污损。

11. Your shipment of goods has been found short in weight by reinspection.

经复验，发现贵方发送的货物重量不够。

12. There is a shortage of 1,450 pounds in this shipment.

这批运输的货物短缺1450磅。

13. This is the survey report issued by CCIB in support of you claim.

这是中国商检局签发的检验报告一份，作为我方索赔的依据。

14. Almost everyone of the drums was leaking slightly. We must hold you responsible for the loss.

几乎每个桶都有点漏，你方应该赔偿我方的损失。

15. We have lost considerable business because of your delay in shipment. We expect compensation from you fro the loss.

由于贵方装船延误，导致我方失去了大量交易，望贵方给予补偿。

16. On arrival of the shipment, we found at least 50 cases damaged, which made up 20% of the total quantity.

货物抵运时，我方发现至少有50个箱子遭损，占了总量的20%。

17. We had the material inspected immediately when the goods arrived, and a shortage of 15kg was found.

当货物抵达时，我方立即对商品进行了检验，发现短缺15KG。

18. We have suffered a loss of 20% on the selling price because of the inferior quality of the products you sent us. You must compensate us for all this.

由于贵方所运送的货物质量问题，我方在售价上损失了20%，我方必须对此作出赔偿。

19. All expense including inspection fee and losses arising from the return of the goods and claims should be borne by you.

所有费用，包括商检费和因退货和索赔而造成的损失均由贵方承担。

20. You must hold responsible for all the losses caused by the delay in delivery of the goods.

你方必须对因延迟交货而给我方造成的一切损失负责。

21. It was found, much to our astonishment, that nearly 30% of the electronic components were water-stained.

我方非常吃惊地发现将近有30%的电子组件被水所污。

22. You should make amends for the losses by replacing all the detective products, and paying for the business we have lost.

贵方应该更换所有的瑕疵品，并赔偿我们这一回所丢掉的生意，以弥补我们的损失。

23. We find that the quality, quantity and weight of the goods are not in conformity with those stipulated in this contract after re-inspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau, we are now returning the goods to you and lodge claims against you for compensation of losses.

在中国商检局复验之后，我方发现货物的质量、数量和重量均与合同所规定的条款不符，现将商品退回，并向贵方提出索赔，要求赔偿损失。

24. The surveyor’s report indicates that there has been some serious damage to some of the goods.

商检报告显示有一些货物遭到了严重的损毁。