The green plant is a kind of food factory. (把绿色植物说成一种食物工厂。) The next day he had a very red face.第二天他非常尴尬。(脸红暗指不好意思。) Low wages are the country’s trump card at this stage ofits economic development. 译文:低工资是这个国家经济发展现阶段的一张王牌。 During the bull market in property , with price risingfast , auctions became increasingly popular. 译文:在房地产市场牛市期间,价格飞快上涨,拍卖日益流行。 True enough , but teething pains are natural. (New YorkTimes , Mar. 21 ,1994) 译文:非常正确,但阵痛是自然的。
隐喻：metaphor借喻：metonymy提喻：synecdochemetaphor uses words to indicate something different from their literal meaning—— one thing is described in terms of another so as to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. 隐喻有几个要点：1. 最新的 2. 相似性(similarity)，这点很重要，本体和喻体要有相似性 3. 一致性two things in comparison, and this comparison is implied rather than stated. eg: the theory needs more support.这个support就是一个隐喻，相当于把theory比喻成房子，需要地基支撑、支持，引申到支持观点、理论。 eg: he is the apple of her eye.这个就表示很重要的人，掌上明珠之类的。借喻、换喻、借代：metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used in place of another that is associated with or suggested by it. 它和暗喻的区别在于，借喻中两者要求不是相似，而是有联系，同一类事物。eg: will you play me some Chopin? 这个地方，chopin是人名，用其来指代他的作品、音乐。eg: the kettle is boiling. （kettle 指代water in it.）eg:tongue——eloquence; brain——knowledge,wisdom or reason; Fleet Street—— the British press 通常说来，借代可以由地点代某个特定的东西、人名代他的作品或与之相关的理论、器具或容器代里面所盛放的物品、人的某些特定器官代它所赋予的意义和作用。提喻synecdoche is a figure by which a more comprehensive term is used for a less comprehensive or vice versa; as whole for part or part for whole; genus for species or species for genus etc. 最主要的区别方法就是一般提喻和整体、局部或是和种类、特殊，还有抽象、具体有关。eg：Italy beat Spain in the football match. 这里，意大利和西班牙其实就是用整体来代替部分，即“意大利的球队”和“西班牙的球队”。eg: he paid the workers $5 per head. 这里，head是指“人头”，部分（头）代替整体（每个人）eg: i had the muscle and they made money out of it. 这里，muscle是个具体的名词，代替一个抽象名词:strength.不知我的解释是否清楚了？
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