短日照的英文

日照时间的长短.超过12小时可以叫做长日照,否则称为短日照.一般影响植物开花的时间.

短日照植物（short day plant）指只有当日照长度短于其临界日长时才能开花的植物，否则只进行营养生长。常见的有苍耳、牵牛、菊花等；作物中有水稻、大豆、玉米、烟草、麻和棉等。这类植物通常在早春或深秋开花。短日照植物 short－day plant是指给与比临界暗期（critical dark period）长的连续黑暗下的光周期时，花芽才能形成或促进花芽形成的植物；在自然界中，在日照比较短的季节里，花芽才能分化。例如菊花、水稻、牵牛花、苍耳、大豆等，都是属于短日照植物，即使日照较短，假如随后的暗期短于临界暗期，花芽仍不能形成，或即使给与足够的暗期，但在中途适当的时间进行短时间的光照（光中断）时，花芽也不能分化。

Basic information Sunflower (English: Sunflower scientific name: Helianthus annuus Japanese name: ヒ マ ワ リ), alias Xiangyang Hua, is a can-shaped up to 3 meters of the annual sunflower species of Compositae. The plate-type inflorescence can be 30 cm wide. Inflorescence with the sun due to the rotation of the name. Sunflower stems can be up to 3 meters, flower head can reach 30 cm

sub 或sunshine

Sunflower (English: Sunflower Helianthus annuus scientific name: Japanese name: ヒ マ ワ リ), alias xiangyanghua, is a type of up to three meters of large scale annual compositae Sunflower plant. The disc inflorescence can kuanda 30 centimeters. Because the inflorescence with sun rotating the name. Sunflower stems can last for 3 meters, the composite can reach 30 centimeters.Morphological characteristics1 was born in herb, 1 ~ 3 meters high. (for hybrids also have half a metre high. Vertical stem, stout, rounded edges and corners, be more white thick hard wool. Leaves alternate, usually heart shapeOvate or ovoid, apex acuminate, sharp ashdod or a gileadite from 3 arteries and veins, with thick serrated edge, two sides coarse, coat, having a long handle. Inflorescence, great, 10 ~ 30 cm in diameter, solitary in stem top or branch end, often downward inclined. Total bracts multilayer, leaf qualitative, overburden tegular arrangement, by long horklumps, summer flowering, inflorescence edge born yellow tongue fluted, without fruit. Inflorescence of central for both sexes GuanZhuangHua, brown or purple, strong. Fruit an achene, obovate or oval oblong, slightly compressed pressure, peel woodiness optimization, grey or black color, commonly known as sunflower seeds. Sexual xi warm, drought. Originated from North America, all over the world are cultivated.Sunflower component partsSunflower plant by roots, stems and leaves, flowers, fruits five parts. (a) the root sunflower, lateral root and commercial taproot regarding composition. Taproot acorns deep, it is commonly 100 to 200 centimeters; Lateral root from taproot horizontal direction on brought forth, grow. Lateral root grows on many regarding. Lateral root regarding bears the hair. Sunflower root developed in soil wide distribution and deep, including some 60% of the root distribution in 0 ~ 40 centimeters in soil. Sunflower root growth rate has been than stem fast, anxle before and after the formation of the fastest, root growth to seeds begin to maturity, root no longer grow, after he gradually wither. In addition, in suitable conditions can grow large amounts of water roots (like corn gas root). (2), erect stems stalks circular rough surface and have bristles. Stem by cortex, xylem and spongy marrow component. Growth anaphase, stalks, and stems of woodiness hip is formed within the hollow. Sunflower, the embryo stem with green, Dan zi, deep purple etc, it is an important symbol of seedling recognition varieties. Stem height, different types of varieties, the same breed bigger differences, height by sowing and cultivation condition the influence, difference is very big also. Stem's growth rate from budding to flowering to grow the fastest, at the height of the total height about 55%, later growth slowed, only 5% or so. Sunflower branch of the sex, one kind is decided by genetic after one kind is caused by environmental conditions. (3) leaves sunflower leaves into cotyledons and true leaf. Cotyledons couple. True leaf in the stem bottom 1 ~ 3 quarter is often opposite, above is alternate. True leaf is relatively large, hairy, and petiole bears the short and hard bristle, and reviewed a waxy layer. Leaf number for varieties vary, precocious kind of general for 25 ~ 32 pieces, mature for 33 ~ 40 sheets. Stem the lower leaves in before blossomming food-making, main supply root growth, when its function basically end flowering. Upper the blade manufacture nutrient main supply anxle prompted seed formation. (4) flower sunflower for inflorescence, bears in the stem apex, commonly known as the plates. Its shape is convex, flatten and concave under three types. There are two anxle flowers, namely tongue fluted and GuanZhuangHua. Tongue fluted 1 ~ 3 layers, bears the anxle around the edge, for asexual flowers. Because of its color and size varies, there are varieties, weak yellow, orange and purple, have deceived insects come flower-counting pollination effect. GuanZhuangHua, located in tongue fluted inside, for both sexes flowers. Corolla color has yellow, brown, dark purple, etc. (5) fruit, fruit for fruit an achene habit called seeds. Fruit including peel, kind of skin, cotyledons and embryos four parts. Edible type seeds longer, peel black and white stripe majority, peel thick, accounting for approximately seeds weight of 40%, and 1000-grain weight of 100 to 200 grams. Oil is short, with type seeds for black rind, thin skin, about seeds weight of 20% ~ 30% and 1000-grain weight 40 ~ 110 grams.Recorded in the ancientSunflower about in the Ming dynasty introduced to China, and now know the earliest recorded sunflower literature for the Ming dynasty people WangXiangJin with the qunfang spectrum "(1621), the book there's" sunflowers "a, only in the HuaPu three * chrysanthemum" in the attached "zhangs chrysanthemum"; the original is as follows: "zhangs chrysanthemum - name this zavan chrysanthemum - name meet Yang flower, stem long more than 100zhang Kennedy, such as bamboo culm coarse linen, how straight inproper born, although have branches, and only give birth to a large flowers such as dish dishes, single color yellow heart all make life such as the honeycomb shape, to fall gradually purple black and strong, take the son of very easily, flower toxic can abortion". "The name of the dispute", in the WenZhenHeng ChangWu volunteers "(about 1635 years). 1820 XieFang in the flowers and trees small ambition "in speech is full of sunflower, already but viewing, and edible. Explain sunflowers in China widely planted.The poet's sunflower psalmSuccessive poet, write a sunflowers psalm opposite less, every scholarships-from and, more loyal thought: "reposing in flowers for beauty, men have coring dispute. Gu loyal servant, if such a virtuous adjectivals." Lee Zan of these four poem, can be represented. The formation of his poems in summer the guest has: "no more LiuXu because of the wind, but the sunflower dispute pour." Xu HuaMing volunteers tells of personality. "Sunflower", Canon out dispute pour the three · Chen WangZhi biography: "if the sloping leaves, kwai herb sun although not for the return of light, but eventually to those cheng also." Du fu also has "kwai herb pour the sun, petrophysical property solid mo takes" verse. Qi chuas "sunflower" or "most frets point in Chen Dan, not for setting the shadow will move." LiuChangQing "to sing wall Yin kwai" cloud: "here often WuRi, qing qing alone in Yin. The sun is not inferior, the partial weiyuan." For loyal sunflower justifications, was so thoughtful.Growth habitSunflower four seasons are acceptable, mainly in summer and winter seasons give priority to. Flowering can reach two weeks or more. Sunflower except appearance resembles the sun outside, her flowers bright and easy, suitable for viewing place adorn, her seeds have economic value, not only can finish popular sunflower seed, more but pre-pressed low cholesterol senior edible oil arrived. Sunflower varieties can be divided into general ornamental USES "breed or" edible "varieties, general ornamental plants with varietal character for more

sun

读音：英 [sʌn]   美 [sʌn]

n.太阳，阳光;恒星;中心人物

v.晒太阳

第三人称单数： suns 复数： suns 现在分词： sunning 过去式： sunned 过去分词： sunned

例句：

1、The sun was now high in the southern sky

太阳正高挂在南边的天空上。

2、Dena took them into the courtyard to sit in the sun

德娜带他们到院子里晒太阳。

3、She was last seen sunning herself in a riverside park.

最后一次有人看见她时，她正在河边公园晒太阳。

短语：

under the sun  （强调事物数量很大）天下，世上，全世界

with the sun  日出时；日落时

make hay while the sun shines  (saying) 趁有太阳时晒干草；抓紧时机；打铁趁热

a place in the sun  舒适的状态；有利地位；优越境况

扩展资料：

sunshine

读音：英 [ˈsʌnʃaɪn]   美 [ˈsʌnˌʃaɪn]

n.阳光，日光;晴朗，晴天;太阳晒着的地方;欢乐

例句：

1、In the marina yachts sparkle in the sunshine

码头上游艇在阳光下闪闪发光。

2、She was sitting outside a cafe in bright sunshine

她坐在咖啡馆外阳光明媚的地方。

3、I awoke next morning to brilliant sunshine streaming into my room.

第二天早晨我醒来时房间里洒满了灿烂的阳光。

短语：

a ray of sunshine   (informal) 给人带来快乐的人（或事物）