被控变量和应答变量; 或译成自变量和因变量； manipulated variable:the variable that is deliberately changed. 过程内要求保持设定数值(接近恒值或按预定规律变化或随某变量而变化)的物理量,称之为被控变量.例如加热器出口温度、气包水位和反应器温度等. responding variable:the variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable. 观察变量,根据因变量变化的变量. 简单点说：Manipulated variable：设定的变量；responding variable相应变化的变量. Manipulated variable又作X variable,responding variable又作Y variable. 即设定变量X,变量Y随之变化
实验的自变量和因变量翻译成英文是：The independent variables and dependent variables of the experiment相关短语学习：independent variables 独立变量; 自变量; [例句]So these are a priori the independent variables that we have to work with.这是关于变量的先验的判断，我们要关心的。dependent variables 被解释变量; 应变量; 依变量; 因变量; 依变项; [例句]The unsaturated equations may be written with moisture content and potential as the dependent variables.可以把含水量和势作为应变量来写非饱和方程。
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