应该是have+动词的现在分词,这是现在完成时。eg:I have had lunch .第2种是,was+动词的过去式,这是一般现在时。eg:I was a student.have的动词原形是havehave+had就是现在完成时里的,eg:I have had supper.没有什么特殊的用法,意思就是已经had......其中have相当于do,是现在完成时的助词。关于have的短语还有:have to 不得不 have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事。have time to do sth.有时间做某事。 have a talk 谈话 have a meeting 开会 have a swim 游泳 have a match 举行比赛 Have a weakness for...:(不知何故)很喜爱……;
一、have作实意动词。 1.表示“有”的意思。 Look, I have wings, just like you. (JBⅤL1)He had fair hair and blue eyes. (JBⅥL2) 〔注1〕:其否定和疑问形式变化,在美国通常用助动词do。 〔注2〕:在英国口语中常用have got代替have. Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,(JBⅤL1) I haven't got any jewelry.(SBⅠL5) 2.have和一些其他名词连用,表示: (1)一种活动。 We have no classes on Sunday.(上课)(JBⅡL11) they’re going to have a volleyball match.(举行比赛)(JBⅢL11) Are we going to have a meeting this week?(开会)(JBⅢL11) We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(听报告)(JBⅢL11) (2)患病。 I have got a headache.(JBⅣL8) I have a bad cold.(JBⅤL3) (3)发生的情况。 I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(跌跤)(JBⅣL10) (4)生育。 The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.(SBⅠL14) 3.和一与动词同形的名词连用,表示一个动作(have+a+由动词转化和名词)。 Are you going to have a swim.(JBⅢL1) I have a long talk with the teacher.(JBⅣL10) 4.have on sth.或have sth. on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。 I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.(SBⅡL6) At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on. 5.表示“吃”、“喝”。 I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.(JBⅢL10) Does she have lunch at home?(JBⅡL11) 6.组成复合结构即“have+宾语+宾语补足语”。 (1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.),表示让、叫某人做某事。 The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.(SBⅠL17) 〔注〕:否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”. We won't have you blame it on others. She had never had anybody speak to her that way before. (2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing),表示让(使)某人做某事。 …the two men had their lights burning all night long…. (3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done),表示: ①使(让,请)别人作某事,表示的动作是别人做的。 Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.(SBⅠL10) …he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.(SBⅠ L8) ②遭遇到某事。 Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.(SBⅠL12) Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.(SBⅠL12) 二、have与to一起构成情态动词,表示“不得不”、“必 须”,可用于各种时态。 I have to look after her at home.(JBⅢL4) 三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时 和过去完成时。 Great changes have taken place the last two years.(JBⅥL3) They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.(JBⅤL4) 四、have用于“情态动词+have+过去分词”的结构,有 推测、假设之意。 1.must+have+过去分词,表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测,一般用于肯定句。 Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.(SBⅠL10) You must have left your bag in the theatre. 2.can(could)+have+过去分词,表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”,常用于否定句和疑问句。 He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address. 3.should+have+过去分词,表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”,用于肯定句。 You should have been here five minutes ago.(SBⅡL10) 五、have用于某些成语,表示固定的意思。 1.have a word(a few words)with sb.,表示和某人说一(几)句话。 Where's Peter? I want to have a word with him.(SBⅢL13) 2.had better+不带to的动词不定式,表示“…最好…”。 I'd better go and look for him now.(JBⅢL2) 3.have nothing(something)to do with,表示“和…无(有)”关系。 Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison's lessons.
在英语单词中,have是一个用法相当广泛的动词。它不仅是一个实义动词,本身包含具体的词意"有",还可以用作助动词。更重要的是have可以和很多单词构成短语,这是其它动词难以相比的。 从表面上看,have是一个开音节词,但它却是按闭音节来读的,即/hv/。还有一个与众不同之处是,它的单数第三人称不像其它动词的第三人称单数那样,在动词原形后面加-s,它的第三人称单数是has。 这个动词本身的词义是"有"。1. ① I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。 此句中的have作“有”讲,后面的to do是定语,修饰名词work。 to do与work之间呈逻辑上的动宾关系,因此to do后面不能再跟宾语。 ② I am going to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken to your grandmother? 我打算明天去北京,你有什么东西要我给你祖母带去吗? 此句中的have仍作“有”讲,后面的to be taken to your grandmother作定语,修饰anything。 从意义上讲, anything只能是“明天被带给”你的祖母,因此,动词不定式应用被动形式。 2. The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让那男孩背对他的父亲站着。 此句中的have作“迫使”讲,是个使役动词,后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 “had the boy stand”相当于“let the boy stand”或“get the boy to stand”。 3. ① I’ve just had some photos taken. 我刚才照了几张照片。 ② She had her leg broken in the match. 比赛中她摔断了腿。 ③ We won’t have anything said against our motherland. 我们绝不允许任何人说祖国的坏话。 ④ A week ago, I had a hundred dollars saved. 一星期之前我存了100美元。 “have sth done”结构中的过去分词作宾语补足语用。句①表示的是请别人照像,相当于“asked somebody else to take some photos”或“got some photos taken”。 句②中,她在比赛中摔断腿是一种意外的不幸或灾难,相当于“got her leg broken”。 句③表示不允许某件事发生。宾语“anything”与“said”之间呈现逻辑上的被动关系。句④中的had有完成或解决某事之意。存钱的不是别人,而是句子主语自己。 4. The night before the procession, the two cheats had the lights burning all night long. 在游行的前一天夜里,这两个骗子让灯通夜亮着。 “have sb/sth doing”表示“使某种情况发生”,其中的现在分词作宾语补足语用,说明现在分词与宾语为主动关系。其否定结构表示“不允许(不能让)某种情况发生”之意。例如: We won’t have you talking to Mother like that。 我们不允许你那样和妈妈说话。 5. They had people coming to dinner. 他们有客人来吃饭。 此句中,可将had译为“有”,有时也可将这种结构中的have灵活译出。 coming在句中作宾语补足语用。又如: I woke up at night only to have water dripping through the ceiling. 我夜里醒来发现天花板往下滴水。 6. We had no trouble (in) finding his house. 我们毫不费劲地找到了他的家。 此句中的finding是动名词,作介词in的宾语。这里的介词in也可以省略。have后面动词应该用to do或doing、、一般情况下都行、、不一般情况很少、have的具体短语:have a talk 谈话 have a tea 喝茶 have a rest 休息一会儿 have a class 上课 have a hike 远足 have a picnic 野炊 have a concert 举办音乐会 have a visit 参观;访问 have a look 瞧一瞧 have a sleep 睡一会儿觉 have还可以和表示疾病的名词连用,表示正在或曾经生过某种疾病。例如: have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 胃痛;肚子痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a cough 咳嗽 have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a sore back 背痛 还有have sb。to do sth. 让某人做某事 have sth done 让某事被别人做 have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 have a problem (in) doing sth 做某事有问题 have a struggle (in) doing sth 做某事很费劲 have a good/wonderful/pleasant time (in) doing sth 做某事很愉快有两种时态后面动词要用done,分别是;1。过去完成时 结构:主语+had+动词过去分词2。现在完成时 结构:主语+have/has+动词过去分词(done是do的过去分词、、)