独立思维英语

独立思维是一项很重要的能力，我们也都知道独立思考很重要，但是，在我们从小到大的教育中，好像也没有什么手段、方法来帮助我们学习、训练独立思考，归根到底我们对独立思考缺乏认识。有的人说了，学生都独立思考了老师干嘛？还有的人说了，被领导的都独立思考了领导干嘛？记得有个山东客户说了一句很经典的话，我们山东人都不长脑子的，脑子都长领导头上了，怪不得以前听人说山东兵好带，不知道是不是也是这个原因。感觉国外对独立思考好像是很重要的，记得很久以前有一次北大校长和不记得是耶鲁的还是哈佛的校长对话，我们北大的校长说，老师的责任就是生产知识，再把知识教给学生，此外还要为人师表……，人家老外校长明确，老师的责任就是，教会学生独立思考、帮助学生独立思考、监督学生独立思考……，如果做深的研究我们能分析出中外教育的本质差别在哪里，我们今天不做这方面的探讨，而是想从最为简单的概念上来探讨一下，什么是独立思考，因为只有知道了什么是独立思考，你才能独立思考。从简单的层面来说，独立思考就是遇到问题你要自己找答案，不要找别人要答案。从深的层面来说，独立思考指的是一种洞察力思维，什么意思呢？就是遇到问题，你既不能找别人去要答案，比如老师、书、同学、资料……，也不能从你大脑中已有的知识库、认识库、偏见库中找答案，而是要用一种全新的、理性的、洞察的视角去发现问题。因为只有当你是抛开了外在已有答案，同时也抛开你内在的已有答案的时候，你才是真正意义的独立思考，这种思考就是一种洞察力的思考，是一种透过现象看本质的思考。那么独立思考需要老师吗？当然是很需要老师的，独立思考就好比我们用惯了右手现在让你一下子用左手一样，你会不习惯，你会很不习惯，即使你抛开了外部的答案，你也会不自觉的受到你记忆中内在已有知识、认识、偏见的影响而失去思考的独立性，这个时候你就需要有老师来给你帮助，及时发现你思考上存在问题，发现你是不是真正的独立思考，当然这就需要老师也是独立思考的高手，这样才能帮助学生逐步学会独立思考的能力。有空大家可以去看看“大家”栏目，那里面一些“大家”谈到自己留学时最大的收获，不是知识上的，而是TA们导师教会TA们独立思考的思维方式。其实，知识到了创造知识的层面的时候，知识本身已经不重要的了，重要的是你的洞察力，而洞察力就存在于独立思考中……所以，一个人想要有所成就，一定要独立思考，学会用洞察力来思考

He pays a lot attention on cultivateing the children'operation ability and individual thinking ability .

The Importance of Independent Thinking No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that asa thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whateverconclusions it may lead. Truth gains more even by the errors ofone who with due study and preparation, thinks for himself,than by the true opinions of those who only hold them becausethey do not suffer themselves to think. No that it is solely, ofchiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking isrequired. One the contrary, it is as much or even moreindispensable to enable average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capableof. There have been and many again be great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mentalslavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually activepeople. Where any of heterodox speculation was for a time suspended, where there is a tacitconvention that principles are not to be disputed: where the discussion of the greatest questionswhich can occupy humanity is considered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally highscale of mental activity which has made some periods of history so remarkable. Never whencontroversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm wasthe mind of a people stirred up fro9m its foundation and the impulse given which raised evenpersons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings.She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that. Her reasons may be food, andno one may have been able to refute them. But if she s equally unable to refute the reasons of theopposite side; if she does not so much as know what they are, she has no ground for preferringeither opinion. The rational position for her would be suspension of judgment, and unless shecontents herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the worldthe side to which she feels the most inclination. Nor is it enough that she should heat thearguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as they state them, and accompaniedby what they offer as refutations, That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bringthem into real contact with her own mind. She must be able to hear them form persons whoactually believe them; who defend them in earnest, and do their very utmost for them. She mustknow them in their most plausible and persuasive form; she must feel the whole force of thedifficulty which the true view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she will neverreally possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and removes that difficulty. Ninety-nine ina hundred of what are called educated persons are in this condition; even of those who can arguefluently for their opinions. Their conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything theyknow; they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of those who think differentlyform them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they do not, inany proper sense of the word, know the doctrines which they themselves profess..

《独立思考的重要性》 英文作文如下：

Imagine a stranger approaches you one day and says: “I can make you rich if you do what I say.”

Would you immediately follow his instructions, or start asking questions?

Most likely, you would request some evidence from the stranger to prove his claims.

By asking questions, you're using a skill called “critical thinking.”

想象有一天一个陌生人接近你,说:“我能使你变得富有,如果你做我说。“你立即遵循他的指示,或开始问问题吗?最有可能的是,你会从陌生人请求一些证据来证明他的说法。通过问问题,你使用一个技能叫做“批判性思维”。

Critical thinking refers to a special technique that helps you evaluate and judge information.

With this skill, you can form your own opinions and make your own decisions. In short, you can think for yourself.

批判性思维是指一个特殊的技术,可以帮助您评估和判断信息。学会了这个本领,你可以形成自己的观点,做出你自己的决定。简而言之,你可以自己想。

Living in the information age, we receive all kind of information every day.

Some comes from people or sources we know and trust.

But much of it comes from less credible sources Web sites, advertisements, television.

Critical thinking helps us determine whether this information is reliable or not.

生活在信息时代,我们每天收到的所有信息。一些来自我们认识和信任的人或来源。但大部分来自可信来源网站,广告,电视。批判性思维能帮助我们确定是否这些信息是可靠的。

Let's use an example to illustrate critical thinking. Imagine you're deciding whether to further your education or not.

On a college Web site, you read: “The higher your education, the more likely you will be to succeed.”

How would a critical thinker react to this statement?

让我们用一个例子来说明批判性思维。想象你的进一步决定是否你的教育。在大学的网站上,你看:“你的教育越高,就越有可能你将是成功的。“如何将一个关键思想家对这种说法?

写英语作文的技巧：

1、首先在翻译文章之前要先通读全文，了解文章大意。

2、然后开始逐句翻译，注意是以一个句子或者一个意群为单位，而不是看一个单词翻译一个单词。

3、同时在句与句之前的关系要体现出来，如转折、因果等。

4、多多练习，熟能生巧。

he focuses on operation ability and individual thinking ability while fostering children.

独立思考：independent thinking, 批判性思考：critical thinking。这两种思考方式在应试教育下都是无法培养的。