中石油工程师考试的英语卷

中石油职称英语阅读理解文章讲解

在今后的1000年里，我们的世界会面临哪些问题呢?下面是我整理的中石油阅读理解：21世纪的趋势，希望能帮到大家!

Trends for 21st Century 21世纪的趋势

problemswillour world encounter in the next1,000 years? Social scientistsand economists, farming experts and environmentalists posethis question and examinedata and informationfrom surveys.

1、在今后的1000年里(in the next1,000 years)，我们的世界会面临哪些问题呢?(特殊疑问句语序; encountervi. 遭遇)社会科学家、经济学家、农业专家和环境保护主义者提出(pose)了这个问题，并对调查所得的数据和信息(data andinformation from surveys)进行了研究。

2. In every field, experts examine changes to understandthe state of the understand a country’s economy,economistscheck growthin an industrysuch understand the state ofbusiness, they maylook atthe number of building permitsfornew houses. The informationlearnedshows increases or decreases. Important trends emergein each field.

2、各个领域的专家都通过对变化的研究来了解该领域的状况。为了了解一个国家的经济状况(To understand a country’s economy)，经济学家对某个行业，如(such as)钢铁业的增长情况(growth)进行调查。为了了解行业的状况(To understand the state of business)，他们可能会调查新房建造许可证的发放数量(the number of 数量;buildingpermits 施工执照;建筑许可证)。得到的资料(learned过去分词作定语，修饰the information)能显示出增长或减少的情况，各个领域的重要趋势就能体现出来(emerge vi. 显现;浮现;暴露)。

3. Population

3、人口

4. Population is importanttoevery person on Earth. Peopletendto live longerin most places. In Central Europe,however,life spanis droppingbecausehealth careis notwhatit was a few years ago. Factorsaffectinggeneral healthinclude excessive smoking，drinking ofalcoholandpolluted water supplies.

4、人口多少对地球上的每个人都很重要。在大多数地区(in most places)人们的寿命越来越长(tend to dosth. 倾向于;往往会)。但在中欧，由于卫生保健(health care)不如前几年，人的寿命(life span)正在缩短(is dropping)。影响大众健康(affecting general health)的`因素包括吸烟过度(excessive smoking)，酗酒以及饮水污染(alcohol n. 酒精;polluted adj. 受污染的; watersupplies 供水)。

5. The population explosiononour planethas been increasingat an alarming ratebutthe percentage of increaseis out of every five peopleon Earth is Chinese,yetChina’s growth ratehas number of womengoingto schoolincreases, the growth rate declines.

5、我们星球上的人口的爆炸正在以惊人的速度(at an alarmingrate)加剧着，不过增长的百分比(the percentage of increase)在减小。地球上每五个人中就有一个(One out of every five people)是中国人，但中国的人口增长速度己经减慢了。随着(as)受教育(going to school修饰the number ofwomen)的妇女越来越多，人口增长率正在下降。

6. FoodProduction

6、粮食生产

7. The production of grainseemsto be decreasingmainlybecauseof climate changes. Natural disasterslike storms and floodshavewashed awaymany crops.

7、谷物产量似乎正在减少，这主要是由于气候的变化。暴风雨(storms)和洪水(floods)这类自然灾害(natural disasters)毁掉了许多庄稼。(wash away 冲走;冲垮)

lessland forcattle and sheep,less meat like beefand lamb is being produced. Production of chicken, turkey and fishhas increased,however. The amount of ocean fishhas not increased,butfish farm productionhas.

8、由于(with)可供饲养牛羊的土地减少了，牛肉和羊肉生产越来越少(less meat like beef and lamb is beingproduced现在进行时被动语态)。不过鸡肉、火鸡肉和鱼的产量提高了。但海鱼(ocean fish)的产量没有提高，只是人工养鱼场(fish farm)的产量提高了。

9. Fish farming is veryefficient:producing a kilogram of fish utilizesless than2 kilograms of kilograms of feedtoproduce 1 kilogram of chicken. Onekilogram of beefrequires7 kilograms of grain. People,therefore, may eatless red meatinthe future andmore fish.

9、养鱼业(fish farming)的生产效率相当高(efficientadj. 有效率的)：生产1公斤鱼只需要不到2公斤的饲料(less than 少于;小于;不超过;utilize vt.利用)，而(in contrast 与此相反;相比之下)生产1公斤鸡肉需要公斤的饲料，生产1公斤牛肉需要7公斤谷物(grain)。因此，人们将来可能会少吃红肉(牛肉、羊肉等)(less red meet)，多吃鱼类(more fish)。

10. Energy

10、能源

fuelsfor energyhas not changed very muchbutwindenergy useis increasingsignificantly. Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Britain, and America havelarge wind power projects. China, India,Mexico, New Zealand, and Ukraine are also developing wind power.

11、以化石燃料为能源的情况(Using fossil fuels for energy)没有发生多大变化，但是(but)对风力的利用正越来越受到重视(is increasingsignificantly)。丹麦、德国、荷兰、英国和美国都有大型风力发电项目(large wind power projects)。中国、印度、墨西哥、新西兰和乌克兰也正在开发风力发电。

12. Energy fromnuclearpower plantsissteadily increasingbutthe problem ofdangerous wastelimits growthin many electrical companies consider nuclear energytoo expensive，the trend istowardless dangerous sources of energy.

12、核电厂(nuclear powerplants)提供的能源在稳步上升，但因为核电厂的有害废料(dangerous waste)问题，在许多地区其发展受到限制。由于许多电力公司都认为核能代价太大(too expensive太昂贵)，因此总体趋势是发展危险性小的能源(less dangerous sources of energy)。

gasuse is increasing，use of coalas fuelis decreasing. Naturalgas, an outstandingenergy source，can be used to heat homes, make electricity, and power cars.

13、随着(while)天然气使用量的增长，煤炭作为燃料的使用量(use of coal as fuel)正在减少。天然气这种优质的(outstandingadj. 杰出的)能源可以用于家庭取暖、发电和驱动汽车。(be used to dosth. 被用来做…)

14. Economics

14、经济

the world trademore withone another,more products are development of the world economywillbring aboutmany new trees, the paper industry is producing more paper fromrecycled paper-making processunfortunately damages the planetasit useslarge amounts of water, burnsfossilfuelsand produces large amounts ofchemicalwaste.

15、随着(as)世界各国之间贸易量的增加(one another 彼此，通常为三者以上;each other 彼此，通常为两者之间; trade vi. 交易)，可买到的产品越来越多(be available 可供使用的)。但世界经济的快速发展会带来许多新问题(bring about 引起;导致)。由于树木减少，造纸厂更多地依靠再生材料(recycled materials)造纸，但不幸的是(unfortunately)，造纸工艺(the paper-making process)也对我们的星球造成损害(damages)，因为(as)它要用大量的水，燃烧大量的化石燃料(fossil fuels)，而且还会产生大量的化学废料(chemical waste)。

16. Automobile productionisdown,whilebicycle productionis up. Crowded highways，high gasoline costs, and ease of bicycling are three reasons forthis change.

16、汽车产量在下降，而(while)自行车产量在上升。导致这一变化的三个原因是：高速公路拥挤不堪(crowded adj.拥挤的)，汽油价格昂贵，而骑自行车出行轻便自如(ease n. 轻松;悠闲)。

17. Health

17、健康

major health trendsexistaswe begin the new century. Health careis better research breakthroughs includefinding tumors earlyand saving livesthrough CAT scans and surgery. Surviving cancer is a new trend. HIV/AIDS,however，is spreadingquicklyall over the world.

18、在我们迈入新世纪之际，呈现出了三个主要的健康趋势(three major health trends)。(1)卫生保健工作不断改善(better thanever 好于以前)，(2)医学研究领域有新的突破(breakthrough n. 突破;突破性进展)，包括利用CAT扫描(即计算机化X射线轴向分层造影扫描)和外科手术(surgery n.)来及早发现肿瘤并挽救生命(findingtumors early and saving lives)。癌症病人的生存率得到提高也是一个新趋势。然而，艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)却正在全世界迅速蔓延(spread vi. 传播)。

19. The third major trend istowardan attitude of indifference. Peopleseem to have forgottenwaysto keep diseases under sciencehad achievedcontrol overseveral dangerous diseases,some are returning. For instance, tuberculosis, once a dangerous killer, was cured. Now the disease is appearingagain.

19、(3)第三个趋势是人们的态度变得越来越无动于衷。人们似乎已经忘记了(seem to have forgotten 不定式的完成时形式)如何控制疾病(to keep diseases under control不定式作定语，修饰ways)。虽然(although)医学早已能够控制若干危险的疾病(control over 控制;支配;征服)，有些病却正在卷土重来(some are returning)。例如(for instance)，曾经是危险杀手(once a dangerous killer)的肺结核原本已被消灭(was cured)，而现在这种疾病又死灰复燃了。

20. Nature

20、自然

21. Pollutioncontinuesto affect our forests and bird population is decreasingbecause ofoil spills and spreading cities. Seas and oceans are down, more soilwashesaway, and water qualityis of these trees are in our rain forestswhere thick areas of plants and trees, home for many birds andanimals，aredisappearing.

21、污染不断破坏着我们的森林和水源(continue to do sth.; continue 后接不定式作宾语)。由于(because of)海上石油泄漏(oil spills; spill n. 溢出)和城市不断扩大，鸟类的数量正在减少。海洋在改变，树木遭砍伐(被动语态;cut-cut-cut;cut down 消减;砍倒;wash away 冲走)，越来越多的泥土被冲走，水质(water quality)受到了影响(被动语态)。许多热带雨林中的树木遭到砍伐，那里茂密的(thick)植物和树木原本是许多鸟类和动物的家园，现在却正在消失。

22. Conclusion

22、结论

this new centuryare clear. The problems ofnumerousinhabitants onthis small planetwill continue to be important toeach of us. These challenges showthatall of usneedtobeinvolved insolving the wefind new waystoaccomplish the task?

23、在新世纪中，我们所面临的挑战是显而易见的(clear)。在这个小小星球上(on this small planet)的很多人面对的问题(the problems of numerous inhabitants; numerousadj. 许多的; inhabitantn. 居民;居住者)仍将是关系到我们每个人(each of us)的重大问题。这些挑战表明，我们所有人(all of us)都必须参与解决这些问题(need to do sth. 需要做某事;be involved in参与，被卷入…中;涉及到…)。但愿我们(may we)能找到新的途径去完成这一使命(to accomplish the task不定式作定语，修饰new ways)。

关于本文的两点说明：

在做“阅读理解题”时，需要特别注意but, however,while, although等“转折连词”，理解它们前、后句子所要表达的意思。

as在本文中出现了几种不同用法，as可是考试中的“大热门”。

conj.(连词)：因为;随着;虽然;当…时

As(随着)the number of women going to school increases, the growth rate declines. (第5段)

As(随着)countries around the world trade more with one another, more products areavailable. (第15段)

However, the paper-making processunfortunately damagesthe planetas(因为)it uses large amounts of water, burns fossil fuels and produces large amountsof chemical waste. (第15段)

Three major health trends existas(当…时候)we begin the new century. (第18段)

prep.(介词)：当作;如同;以…身份

To understand a country’seconomy, economists check growth in an industrysuch as(比如)steel. (第2段)

While natural gas useis increasing，use of coalas fuel(作为燃料)is decreasing.(第13段)

练习：

1. encounterin the next 1,000 years?

A. What problems will our world problems our world will

2. The production of grain mainly because of climate changes.

A. seems to be decreased to be decreasing

C. seems to decrease to is decreasing

3. Natural disasters like storms and floods have washed amany crops.

A. away B. out C. in D. to

4. With less land for cattle and sheep, less meat like beef andlamb .

A. are being produced producing

C. is being produced produced

, the paper-making process unfortunately damagesthe planet it uses large amounts of water, burns fossilfuels and produces large amounts of chemical waste.

A. as B. so D. with

6. Automobile production is down, bicycle production is up.

A. which B. while C. where

third major trend is toward an attitude of .

B. indifferent C. indifference D. different

challenges showthat all of us solving the problems.

to are involved in to be involved

to be involved in to be involved in

两套。中石油中石油考试的时候，两个多小时，共有238道题，因为这种题目的量是根据国考和省考的相关规定，包括企业招录的一些规定进行出题的，在专家库里面通过每年调阅的形式随机抽取的。中石油是自己组织命题的，全国统一职称英语考试是由国家人事部组织实施的。